What are the minimum observations required when transfusing red blood cells Australia
On this page
What is a blood transfusion?A blood transfusion is a medical procedure in which donated blood is given to you. It is a safe procedure and can be life-saving. If complications occur, they are typically mild. Show
Why might I need a blood transfusion?You might need a blood transfusion if:
This video from the Australian Red Cross Lifeblood also explains why someone might need a blood transfusion
Make sure you talk to your doctor about why you might need a transfusion. Also ask them if there are any alternatives to blood transfusion — there often are. What are the risks of having a blood transfusion?Australia has one of the safest blood supplies in the world. But as with all medical procedures, a blood transfusion is not free from risk. The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood collects blood from voluntary donors. The donated blood is then carefully checked to make sure it doesn't contain blood-borne diseases that could cause serious infections such as hepatitis and HIV. You can read more about the National Blood Authority Australia's policy on safety of blood products here. You will also have careful identification checks before the transfusion to make sure you receive the right blood type. What are the different types of blood transfusion?Donated blood can be split into different parts. You will be given the part or parts of the blood your body needs. This could be:
What happens during a blood transfusion?Before a non-urgent blood transfusion, you will be asked to sit or lie down. A needle will be inserted into your arm or hand. An intravenous drip (also known as an IV) will be connected to the needle and the blood will be given to you slowly via the drip. It could take up to 4 hours to receive one bag of blood. During that time, the medical staff will carefully monitor your blood pressure, pulse and temperature at regular intervals. How will I feel during and after the transfusion?Most people feel fine during their blood transfusion, although some say they feel cold or feverish. The medical or nursing staff will be monitoring you closely during your infusion, so if you start to feel unwell let them know. How you feel after the transfusion will depend upon what blood product you received and why you received it. For example, if you had a red cell transfusion because you had anaemia, you should feel better after your transfusion. If you do not feel better, or if you feel worse, speak with your doctor or nurse. You may not feel any different if you had a transfusion of blood products such as platelets or plasma as they may have been given to you to prevent a problem. See your doctor urgently or go to the nearest hospital emergency department if you start to feel very unwell within 24 hours of having a blood transfusion. This is especially important if you have difficulty breathing or pain in your chest or back. Can I refuse a transfusion?Yes, you have the right to refuse a blood transfusion for any reason, including cultural or religious reasons. You should let your doctor know your wishes and carry details with you at all times explaining your wishes in case of an emergency.
Rate of Infusion and Precautions
What are the minimum observations when transfusing red blood cells?Patients should be under regular visual observation and, for every unit transfused, minimum monitoring should include: Pre-transfusion pulse (P), blood pressure (BP), temperature (T) and respiratory rate (RR). P, BP and T 15 minutes after start of transfusion – if significant change, check RR as well.
What should match when you are transfusing blood?Your blood will be tested before a transfusion to determine whether your blood type is A, B, AB or O and whether your blood is Rh positive or Rh negative. The donated blood used for your transfusion must be compatible with your blood type.
What observations need to be recorded for a patient receiving blood transfusion?1. The patient's vital signs (temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure) should be recorded shortly before transfusion, and after the first 15 minutes and compared to baseline values. Some patients' history or clinical conditions may indicate a need for more frequent monitoring.
What are the nursing responsibilities during blood transfusion?Nursing care of the patient undergoing a blood transfusion is of utmost importance. Nurses are responsible not only for the actual administration of the blood product and monitoring of the patient during its administration but also efficiently identifying and managing any potential transfusion reactions.
|
