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CHUYỂN TỪ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠNDạng này có các mẫu sau đây:1. This is the first time I have seen him [đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta]=> I have never seen him before. [tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây]Mẫu này có dạng:Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó=> ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây.The first time: lần đầu tiênNever ...before : chưa bao giờ trước đây2. I started / begun studying English 3 years ago. [tôi bắt đầu học Tiếng Anh cách đây 3năm]=> I have studied English for 3 years. [ tôi học Tiếng Anh được 3 năm ]Mẫu này có dạng:...bắt đầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian=> .. đã làm chuyện đó for + khoảng thời gianNếu khơng có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giử ngun mệnh đề chỉ đổi when thànhsince thôi3. I last saw him when I was a student. [lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi là sinhviên]=> I haven't seen him since I was a student. [tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tơi là sinhviên]Mẫu này có dạng:Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi ....=> ..khơng làm chuyện đó từ khi .... Last : lần cuốiSince : từ khi4. The last time she went out with him was two years ago. [lần cuối cô ta đi chơi với anhta cách đây 2 năm]=> She hasn't gone out with him for two years.[ cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh ta đã 2năm nay ]Tương tự mẫu 3 nhưng khác phần sau thôi5. It's ten years since I last met him. [đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần cuối]=> I haven't met him for ten years. [tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi]Mẫu này có dạng:Đã ..khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối=> ..khơng làm việc đó được + khoảng thời gian6. When did you buy it ? [ bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?=> How long have you bought ? [ bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? ]Mẫu này có dạng:when: thì dùng quá khứ đơnHow long: thì dùng hiện tại hồn thànhBài tập: Viết lại câu khơng thay đổi nghĩa1] This is the first time he went abroad.=> He hasn't.................................................................................................2] She started driving 1 month ago.=> She has....................................................................................................3] We began eating when it started to rain.=> We have................................................................................................... 4] I last had my hair cut when I left her.=> I haven't....................................................................................................5] The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.=> She hasn't.................................................................................................6] It is a long time since we last met.=> We haven't................................................................................................7] When did you have it?=> How long .................................................................................................?8] This is the first time I had such a delicious meal .=> I haven't..................................................................................................9] I haven't seen him for 8 days.=> The last ..................................................................................................10] I haven't taken a bath since Monday.=> It is ......................................................................................................…11] Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997Samuel has ___________________________________12]We started learning English five years ago.We have ___________________________________13] I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.I have ___________________________________14] She has taught the children in this remote village for five monthsShe started ___________________________________15] He has written to me since April.The last time __________________________________16] She hasn’t had a swim for five yearsShe last __________________________________17] They last talked to each other two months ago They haven’t __________________________________18] The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999She hasn’t __________________________________19] She hasn’t written to me for yearsIt’s years __________________________________20] Robert and Catherine have been married for ten yearsIt’s ten years __________________________________ĐÁP ÁN1. He hasn’t never gone abroad before.2. She has driven for 1 month.3. We have eaten since it started raining.4. I haven’t cut my hair since I left her.5. She has kissed me for 5 months.6. We haven’t met [each other] for a long time.7. How long have you had it?8. I haven’t never eaten such a delicious meal before.9. The last time I saw him was 8 days.10. It is …. days since I last took a bath.11. Samuel has kept a diary since 1997.12. We have learned English for five years13. I have lived in Ho Chi Minh City since I was 8.14. She started to teach the children in this remote village five months ago.15. The last time he wrote to me was in April.16. She last had a swim was five years ago17. They haven’t talked to each other for two months.18. She hasn’t seen her elder sister since 199919. It’s years since she wrote to me.20. It’s ten years since Robert and Catherine were married.II. Chia động từ ở thì hiện tại hồn thành và q khứ đơn1] The police.........two people early this morning. [to arrest] 2] She.........to Japan but now she.........back. [to go - to come]3] Dan.........two tablets this year. [already/to buy]4] How many games.........so far this season? [your team/to win]5].........the CN Tower when you.........in Toronto? [you/to visit - to stay]6].........your homework yet? – Yes, I.........it an hour ago. [you/to do - to finish]7] There.........an accident in High Street, so we have to use King Street to get to yourschool. [to be]8] I.........Peter since I.........last Tuesday. [not/to see - to arrive]9] Frank.........his bike last May. So he.........it for 4 months. [to get - to have]10] I'm sorry, I.........earlier, but I.........a lot lately. [not/to write - to work]Đáp án1 - arrested6 - have youdone - finished2 - went - has 3 - has already 4 - has yourcome7 - has beenbought8 - haven't ...met - arrivedteam won5 - Did - visit10-haven't9 - got - has had written - haveworkedIII. Circle the mistake and then correct it1. Frank has done [A] his homework and then listened [B] to music.2. The children have put [A] away their toys but they didn’t make [B] their beds yet.3. Jim learned [A] a lot since he started [B] the language course.4. Helen has finished [A] her lunch and she went [B] out to play.5. They haven’t seen [A] each other since September when they have met [B] at Mary'sparty.6. Peter has bought [A] a new MP3 player yesterday but I haven’t seen [B] it yet.7. The hockey player hit [A] his head on Friday and he was [B] in hospital since then. Đáp ánA [did]2. B [haven’t made]3. A [has learned]B [met]6. A [bought]7. B [has been]IV. Rewrite the sentences using the words given1.5.1. Dorothy has just watered the flowers. [two minutes ago]_______________________________________________2. We didn’t get ready for the party. [yet]_______________________________________________3. She has already done the washing up. [an hour ago]_______________________________________________4. Have you ever visited an orphanage? [last year]_______________________________________________5. Uncle Tom took me to the school today. [already]_______________________________________________6. Haven't you put on your jacket yet? [in the morning]_______________________________________________7. Susan didn't spend her summer in Italy last year. [never]_______________________________________________8. The children didn't return back from the school. [yet]_______________________________________________Đáp án1. Dorothy watered the flowers two minutes ago2. We haven’t get ready for the party yet3. She finished washing up an hour ago4. Did you visit an orphanage last year?5. Uncle Tom has already take me to the school6. Didn't you put your jacket in the morning?7. Susan has never spent her summer in Italy8. The children haven't return from the school yet.4.A [finished] V/ Put in the present perfect or past simple of the verbs in brackets.1. Martin[be] to Greek five times. He loves the place.2. I[work] for a computer company for a year. That was after college.3. We[move] here in 1993. We[be] here a long time now.4. It isn’t a very good party. Most people5. It was so hot today that I6. My wife and Imarried.[already/ go] home.[wear] shorts and a T-shirt at work.[move] three times since we[get]7. So far this week there[be] three burglaries in our street.8. When I was younger I[play] badminton for my local team.9. In the past few years, ituniversity.[become] more and more difficult to get into10. I[enjoy] skiing ever since I[live] in Switzerland.11. I [not see] ________ Rachel for ages. She [not visit] ________ us since July.Đáp án1. Martinhas been2. Icollege.worked3. Wemovedlong time now.[be] to Greek five times. He loves the place.[work] for a computer company for a year. That was after[move] here in 1993. Wehave been[be] here a4. It isn’t a very good party. Most peoplehome.have already gone5. It was so hot today that I[wear] shorts and a T-shirt at work.6. My wife and I[get] married.worehave moved[already/ go][move] three times since wegot7. So far this week therehave been[be] three burglaries in our street.8. When I was younger Iplayed[play] badminton for my local team.9. In the past few years, itinto university.has become [become] more and more difficult to get 10. Ihave enjoyedSwitzerland.[enjoy] skiing ever since Ilived [live]in11. I [not see] ___haven’t seen_____ Rachel for ages. She [not visit] ____hasn’tvisit____ us since July.