Which spinal plexus gives rise to the phrenic nerve and what organ does the nerve supply?
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Human Anatomy and Physiology, Global Edition10th EditionElaine N. Marieb, Katja N Hoehn 714 solutions Phrenic Nerve[edit | edit source]Nội dung chính Show
The phrenic nerve is among the most important nerves in the body due to its role in respiration. The phrenic nerve provides the primary motor supply to the diaphragm, the major respiratory muscle[1]. It passes motor information to the diaphragm and receives sensory information from it. There are two phrenic nerves, a left and a right one.[2] Image 1: The Phrenic nerve, showing course to diaphragm. Both of these nerves supply
Image: Right phrenic nerve (highlighted in green) - anterior view[3] Origin[edit | edit source]Image 1 showing origin of the Phrenic Nerve The phrenic nerve originates mainly from the 4th cervical nerve, but also receives contributions from the 3rd and 5th cervical nerves (C3-C5) in humans.[4] Thus, the phrenic nerve receives innervation from parts of both the cervical plexus and the brachial plexus of nerves. Course[edit | edit source]In the neck, the phrenic nerve lies on the anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle, passes over the dome of the pleura and enters the thorax posterior to the subclavian vein. The right and left phrenic nerves have a different course in the thorax but as a general rule they descend as lateral as possible whilst keeping in contact with the mediastinal pleura. Both travel anterior to the hilum/bronchus on their respective side.[5] The right Phrenic nerve descends in the thorax along the right side of the right brachiocephalic vein and the superior vena cava. It passes in front of the root of the right lung and runs along the right side of the pericardium, which separates the nerve from the right atrium. It then descends on the right side of the inferior vena cava to the diaphragm.Its terminal branches pass through the caval opening in the diaphragm to supply the central part of the peritoneum on its under aspect. (Image 2) Image 2 showing Right and Left Phrenic nerve supplying ipsilateral dome of the diaphragm The left Phrenic nerve descends in the thorax along the left side of the left subclavian artery. It crosses the left side of the aortic arch and here crosses the left side of the left Vagus nerve. It passes in front of the root of the left lung and then descends over the left surface of the pericardium which separates the nerve from the left ventricle. On reaching the diaphragm, the terminal branches pierce the muscle and supply the central part of the peritoneum on its under aspect.(Image 2)[2] Supply[edit | edit source]The phrenic nerve is the sole motor supply to each hemidiaphragm. It also provides sensory supply to:
Phrenic Nerve Palsy[edit | edit source]Phrenic nerve palsy (also known as phrenic nerve paresis or paralysis) has many causes and can be caused by lesions anywhere along the course of the phrenic nerve, as it travels from the neck, to pierce the diaphragm adjacent to the pericardium.
The diagnosis of phrenic nerve injury requires high suspicion due to nonspecific signs and symptoms including unexplained shortness of breath, recurrent pneumonia, anxiety, insomnia, morning headache, excessive daytime somnolence, orthopnea, fatigue, and difficulty weaning from mechanical ventilation. On physical examinations, findings may include decreased breath sounds on the affected side, dullness to percussion of the affected side of the chest and inward movement of the epigastrium during inspiration. Most patients with asymptomatic unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis do not require treatment. Treatment options if required include:
References[edit | edit source]
Which spinal plexus gives rise to the phrenic nerve and what organ does the nerve supply?
Phrenic nerve - Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org › wiki › Phrenic_nervenull Which plexus gives rise to the phrenic nerve?The phrenic nerve is derived from the cervical plexus and receives innervation from the C3, C4, and C5 nerve roots. It is the longest branch of the cervical plexus. Where does the phrenic nerve exit the spinal cord quizlet?The phrenic nerve originates at the C3 through C5 nerve roots, which exits the spinal canal at the neck root and descends caudally, parallel to the pericardial sac to provide the motor innervation to the diaphragm. Does the phrenic nerves arise from the cervical plexuses?Origin. The phrenic nerve originates mainly from the 4th cervical nerve, but also receives contributions from the 3rd and 5th cervical nerves (C3-C5) in humans. Thus, the phrenic nerve receives innervation from parts of both the cervical plexus and the brachial plexus of nerves. Which plexus gives rise to your phrenic nerve?The phrenic nerve is derived from the cervical plexus and receives innervation from the C3, C4, and C5 nerve roots.
Which spinal nerves contribute to the phrenic nerve and what is its main function?Your phrenic nerve connects to the C3 to C5 cervical (neck) nerve roots of your spinal cord. The nerve: Starts at the C3 vertebral level, the part that aligns with your jaw and helps you bend and rotate your neck.
What is innervated by the phrenic nerve which comes from the cervical plexus?The deep branches of the cervical plexus innervate the deeper structures of the neck, including the muscles of the anterior neck and the diaphragm (phrenic nerve), and are not blocked for local anesthetic procedures.
Which of the following spinal nerve plexuses gives rise to the phrenic nerve controlling the skeletal muscle of the diaphragm?1). The cervical plexus is composed of axons from spinal nerves C1 through C5 and branches into nerves in the posterior neck and head, as well as the phrenic nerve, which connects to the diaphragm at the base of the thoracic cavity.
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