Which of the following is an example of a reform movement
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Alternate titles: Reform Movement of 1898 By The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Edit History Table of ContentsDate:June 11, 1898 - September 16, 1898...(Show more)Location:China...(Show more)Key People:Kang Youwei Guangxu Liang Qichao...(Show more) See all related content → Hundred Days of Reform, (1898), in Chinese history, imperial attempt at renovating the Chinese state and social system. It occurred after the Chinese defeat in the Sino-Japanese War (1894–95) and the ensuing rush for concessions in China on the part of Western imperialist powers. Following the Sino-Japanese War, a series of clubs sprang up across China urging reform on the Western model. One of these was founded by a civil service examination candidate, Kang Youwei, who led a group of other candidates in the writing of a “Ten Thousand Word Memorial,” which advocated the rejection of the peace treaty and the institution of a whole series of reforms. This petition was ignored by the imperial Qing government. Meanwhile, within established official circles, a group of conservative reformers—led by Zhang Zhidong, whose famous work Quanxue pian (“Exhortation to Learning”) was distributed in 1898—called for the development of Western-style industrialization without the abandonment of China’s cultural heritage. More From Britannica China: The Hundred Days of Reform of 1898Spurred by this group and alarmed by the slow dismemberment of China by Western powers in the wake of the Sino-Japanese War, the government began to seriously consider the idea of reform. As a result, Kang finally came to the attention of the Guangxu emperor, and in January 1898 he met with a group of high government officials. On June 11, 1898, the emperor acceded to one of Kang’s requests and issued his first reform decree, urging his subjects to learn useful foreign information. This was the start of what was to be known as the Hundred Days of Reform. On June 16, 1898, Kang was given his first interview with the emperor. Thereafter the government officials who had been advocating moderate reforms were pushed to the background, and Kang, his famous disciple Liang Qichao, and other followers became trusted imperial advisers. In all, the emperor issued more than 40 edicts, which if enacted would have transformed every conceivable aspect of Chinese society. The old civil service examination system based on the Chinese Classics was ordered abolished, and a new system of national schools and colleges was established. Western industry, medicine, science, commerce, and patent systems were promoted and adopted. Government administration was revamped, the law code was changed, the military was reformed, and corruption was attacked. The attack on corruption, the army, and the traditional educational system threatened the privileged classes of traditional Chinese society. Conservative forces rallied behind the empress dowager, Cixi; with the army on her side, she carried out a coup d’état and imprisoned the emperor in his palace. Kang and Liang managed to escape to Japan, but six other young reformers were executed. Although some moderate reform measures, such as the establishment of modern schools, were retained, the examination system was reestablished and most of the reform edicts, which had never been enacted anyway, were repealed. In the early 1900s, officials like Zhang Zhidong were allowed to carry out a full-scale reform effort, but it was a piecemeal, belated effort. The failure of the Hundred Days of Reform marked the last attempt at a radical revolution by the imperial regime in China. What is an example of a reform movement?Key movements of the time fought for women's suffrage, limits on child labor, abolition, temperance, and prison reform.
What are reform movements?January 2022) A reform movement of reformism is a type of social movement that aims to bring a social or also a political system closer to the community's ideal.
What were the 7 reform movements?The reform movements that arose during the antebellum period in America focused on specific issues: temperance, abolishing imprisonment for debt, pacifism, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment, amelioration of prison conditions (with prison's purpose reconceived as rehabilitation rather than punishment), the ...
What were the three major reform movements?1 2018-11-08T21:14:05-08:00 Frances Willard House Museum 396bd2bebf501b08ca215cf721fbba097eb2e1a2 30425 8 image_header 2019-03-13T19:37:15-07:00 Frances Willard House Museum 396bd2bebf501b08ca215cf721fbba097eb2e1a2 The three main nineteenth century social reform movements – abolition, temperance, and women's rights – ...
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