Tonic syllable là gì

Take note vài nguồn để học ngữ điệu tiếng Anh mới biết:

VideoLearn Intonation Patterns in English with Jennifer

Bộ 12 bài hướng dẫn ngữ điệu, cực hay nhé

Lý thuyết [chữ]:

Nguồn://ecorp.edu.vn/hoc-phat-am-tieng-anh/quy-tac-ve-ngu-dieu-trong-tieng-anh-ban-nhat-dinh-phai-biet-9542.ecorp

Ngữ điệu trong tiếng Anh là cách lên xuống giọng, ngắt nghỉ khi nói, khi giao tiếp khiến cho kĩ năng nói của bạn trôi chảy hơn, hấp dẫn và tự nhiên hơn. Chúng ta đều biết rằng nói có ngữ điệu sẽ khiến người nghe cảm thấy dễ chịu và hứng thú. Nhưng không phải ai cũng biết trong tiếng Anh có những quy tắc bất di bất dịch về ngữ điệu. Hôm nay, chúng ta cùng nhau tìm hiểu về 10 quy tắc khi lên giọng và xuống giọng trong tiếng Anh nhé!

I, Quy tắc lên giọng [the rising tune]

1. Lên giọng ở cuối các câu hỏi Yes/No

Ở cuối các câu hỏi, đặc biệt là câu hỏi yes or no, bạn nên lên giọng một chút để người nghe hiểu rằng họ đang có ý định hỏi mình. Ví dụ như:

• Have you ever comehere? Bạn tới đây bao giờ chưa?
• Are you astudent? Bạn còn học sinh đúng không?
• Are youready? Bạn sẵn sàng chưa?

Vói những câu hỏi này, ngữ điệu của bạn sẽ thấp trầm ở phần đầu và lên dần ở đoạn cuối câu.

2. Lên giọng ở cuối các câu hỏi đuôi

Câu hỏi đuôi là kiểu câu hỏi lại cho chắc chắn. Ví dụ:

• You love her,dont you? Cậu yêu cô ta, đúng không?
• John is your teacher,isnt he? John là giáo viên của cậu, phải vậy không?

Ở phần cuối của những câu hỏi này, bạn cũng cần lên giọng một chút để truyền tải thông tin mang ý nghĩa thẩm định lại người nghe về một thông tin nào đó.

Quy tắc về ngữ điệu trong tiếng Anh bạn nhất định phải biết

3. Lên giọng ở những câu cầu khiến

Đối với các câu cầu khiến, khi muốn nhờ người khác làm giúp mình việc gì đó, bạn cần lên giọng một chút ở cuối câu.

• Can you give mea cup of tea? Bạn có thể đưa cho tôi một tách trà không?
• Will you turn off the light for me,please? Làm ơn tắt đèn giúp tôi được không?

Khi lên giọng ở kiểu câu này, bạn đã thể hiện sự cầu xin, nhờ vả người khác với một thái độ đúng mực và lịch sự. Nếu xuống giọng ở kiểu câu cầu khiến sẽ rất dễ hiểu nhầm thành ra mệnh lệnh, quát nạt, ép buộc.

4. Thể hiện cảm xúc tích cực

Khi thể hiện những cảm xúc tích cực như vui sướng, ngạc nhiên, hạnh phúc, bất ngờ, chúng ta cần lên giọng ở những tính từ này.

Ví dụ:

• Wow, thats great! Im sohappy! Ôi, thật tuyệt! Tôi hạnh phúc quá đi mất!
• Oh, reallysurprise! Ôi, thực sự ngạc nhiên quá!

5. Lên giọng khi xưng hô thân mật

Khi người bản ngữ gọi tên người khác hoặc xưng hô một cách thân thiết, họ cũng có xu hướng lên giọng ở những từ đó. Ví dụ:

• Ohsweetie, where are you all day? Ôi con yêu à, con ở đâu cả ngày vậy?
• Myhoney, I give all my love for you. Tình yêu à, anh dành toàn bộ trái tim này cho em.
• Kery, my friend, come here and drink with me Nào Kery bạn của tôi, đến đây uống với tôi nào.

II, Quy tắc xuống giọng [the falling tune]

1. Xuống giọng ở cuối câu chào hỏi

Với những câu chào hỏi như Good Morning!, Good afternoon, người bản ngữ thường xuống giọng ở cuối câu để tạo sự thân mật nhưng vẫn lịch thiệp. Đó cũng là một trong những bí kíp gây thiện cảm ngay từ khi bắt đầu lời chào của người phương Tây.

2. Xuống giọng ở cuối câu hỏi có từ để hỏi

Ở những câu hỏi có từ để hỏi như What, When, Where, Why, How, chúng ta cần xuống giọng ở cuối câu hỏi, ví dụ như:

• What do you usually doin the evening? Bạn thường làm gì vào các buổi tối?
• Why are you heretoday? Sao bạn lại ở đây?
• What are youdoing? Bạn đang làm gì vậy?

Khác với những câu hỏi yes/no, các câu hỏi có từ để hỏi xuống giọng ở cuối câu để thể hiện sự nghiêm túc và yêu cầu câu trả lời từ người nghe. Các bạn cần lưu ý điều này để không sai về ngữ điệu khi nói tiếng Anh nhé!

Quy tắc về ngữ điệu trong tiếng Anh bạn nhất định phải biết

3. Xuống giọng ở cuối các câu trần thuật

Câu trần thuật là những câu kể bình thường, kết thúc bằng dấu chấm. Câu trần thuật thường chứa đựng thông tin hoặc các câu chuyện từ người nói. Tuy nhiên khi kết thúc các câu trần thuật, chúng ta cần xuống giọng để người nghe hiểu về nhịp điệu của cuộc nói chuyện. Nếu bạn không xuống giọng ở cuối câu, người nghe sẽ cảm thấy hẫng vì không biết câu chuyện của bạn đã kết thúc hay chưa.

4. Xuống giọng ở cuối các câu đề nghị, mệnh lệnh

Khác với các câu cầu khiến, các câu mệnh lệnh thường xuống giọng ở cuối câu để thể hiện tính chất nghiêm trọng, áp đặt từ người nói.

Ví dụ:

• Sit down! Ngồi xuống!
• Dont belate anymore! Đừng đi trễ thêm lần nào nữa.
• Put on your coat,now! Mặc áo vào ngay đi!

5. Xuống giọng ở câu cảm thán thể hiện tâm trạng tiêu cực

Với các câu cảm thán thể hiện tâm trạng tồi tệ, người nói thường hơi xuống giọng một chút. Khi đó, người nghe sẽ có cảm giác chuyện này rất tiêu cực và ảnh hướng không tốt đến người nói, hoặc rất nghiêm trọng. Ví dụ:

• Im sosad. My mother scold me strictly. Tôi buồn quá. Mẹ mắng tôi nặng nề lắm.
• Oh mygod! Im dying. Chúa ơi, tôi chết đây!

Quy tắc về ngữ điệu trong tiếng Anh bạn nhất định phải biết

Đó là những quy tắc cơ bản nhất về cách lên giọng, xuống giọng khi nói tiếng Anh bạn cần biết. Để áp dụng thành thạo những quy tắc này, bạn cần thực hành nghe nói nhiều hơn, giao tiếp cùng bạn bè nhiều hơn. Đôi khi bạn có thể lồng ghép cảm xúc của mình qua ngữ điệu để tạo sự hấp dẫn cho bài nói. Điều này luôn được người bản ngữ đánh giá cao. Chúc các bạn thành công!

Một số mẫu câu để luyện tập

//usefulenglish.ru/phonetics/practice-intonation-rhythm

Statements: Falling intonation

Statements with one stress

I \know.
I \see.
She \works.
We \laughed.
It \stopped.

I \like it.
Hell \buy it.
I \saw her.
She \knows him.

She \did it.
We \found it.
She has \done it.
We have \found it.

I can \drive.
We must \leave.
It may \change.
You should \call her.

She is \young.
He is \here.
Im \tired.
They are \busy.

It is \late. Its \late.
Its \funny.
Its \interesting.
Its \difficult.
Its im\portant.

Its a \book.
Its a \present.
Its \John. Its \me.
Its \mine. Its \his.
Its \yours.

Statements with two stresses

People \work.
Anna works.
Birds \fly.
Time \flies.

Tom is \reading.
Mike is \sleeping.
The car \stopped.
The weather has \changed.

Peter is a \doctor.
Mary is a \teacher.
Lena is my \daughter.
The Sun is a star.
Penguins are \birds.

Monkeys are \funny.
Bananas are \yellow.
Cars are ex\pensive.
The book was \interesting.

Max is at \home.
Tanya is at \school.
Rome is in \Italy.

This is \Alex.
Thats his \room.
These are my \pictures.

I lost my \key.
We eat a \lot.
I need some \help.
He likes to \read.
This bag is \mine.

We did it \yesterday.
She said it \loudly.
He knows her \brother.
Her name is \Anna.
My children are \sleeping.

I live in \Moscow.
I work in a \library.
She works in an \office.
They went to a \restaurant.

I want to \see you.
Im glad to \see you.
I want to \buy it.
I have to \do it.
Id like to \visit them.

She sent him a \letter.
He gave me a \present.
He asked us to \visit him.

Shell be back in an \hour.
She will see him to\morrow.
There is a bakery on \Green Street.

She likes \tea.
I want \coffee.
He left \early.

Its time to \go.
Its ten o\clock.
Its seven \thirty.

She is very \pretty.
He is very \tall.
He is always \busy.
He has no \time.

Its a good \book.
Its an interesting \film.
Its a beautiful \town.
Its a difficult \task.

I dont \know.
She cant \swim.
He isnt \busy.
It doesnt \matter.

I dont \want it.
He doesnt \have it.
I dont \want to.
I dont re\member.
I dont under\stand it.

He doesnt \know them.
She hasnt \seen him.
He didnt \find it.
We couldnt \find her.
You shouldnt \do it.

Its not \funny.
Its not \interesting.
Its not \difficult.
Its not \easy.
Its not im\portant.

She is not \busy.
They are not \interesting.
Im not \sleeping.

Statements with three stresses

Betty lives in \London.
Victor works at a \bank.
I havent read this \book.
We went to the theater \yesterday.

Children like to \play.
The boy is reading a \book.
The weather is going to \change.

Lena is studying \English.
The children are playing in the \park.
My sister works as a \teacher.

Mike likes \tea.
Kate bought a \book.
Mary wants \coffee.
Tom writes \stories.
Anna teaches \English.

Paris is a large \city.
Moscow is the capital of \Russia.
Ella is a good \student.
Elephants are strong \animals.

I bought a loaf of \bread.
I have a younger \sister.
He wants to buy a \car.
She works in a small ho\tel.
He knows it very \well.

He sent a letter to \Mike.
He gave the book to \me.
He brought a present for \Anna.

He is five years \old.
It is three meters \long.
She was two hours \late.

I dont know his \name.
He doesnt want to \go.
We didnt do it \yesterday.
She didnt tell me a\bout it.

Tony hasnt \called me.
Peter doesnt \live here.
Lena wasnt in\vited.
Bats are not \birds.

Statements with four stresses

She wants to buy a new \car.
He wrote the letters very \quickly.
The teacher told her students a \story.

His train will arrive at four o\clock.
He put his bag on the table in the \hall.
Their new house is near a large \park.

She has swimming lessons twice a \week.
He plays tennis every \Saturday.
Tom is leaving for Rome to\morrow.

Im going to visit my relatives on \Sunday.
He usually goes for a walk after \breakfast.
He is reading an interesting book about \animals.

Statements with five stresses

Alex wrote the letters very \quickly.
Victor is going to London next \month.
Tanya is reading the book you brought \yesterday.

Maria wants to buy a new \car.
My friends play tennis every \Saturday.
I think the first question is very \easy.

I dont want to watch this film a\gain.
We are not going to visit our relatives on \Sunday.

Special questions: Falling intonation

What is his \name?
Where does he \live?
When did you \call him?
Why are you \late?

What is your \name?
Whats your \name?
Where are you \from?
Where do you \live?
What do you \do?

What did you \buy?
What did she \say?
Where did he \go?

Where have you \been?
Where are your \friends?
When will he re\turn?

When did it \happen?
Why was she \angry?
Where can I \find her?

What are you \doing?
When are you \leaving?
Where are you \going?
Why are you \laughing?

What did you \tell them?
Who did you \talk to?
What are you \looking for?
What are you \talking about?

Who brought the \books?
Who wants to \go?
Who told you a\bout it?

What \happened?
Who \did it?
Who \said it?

What \is it?
What \are they?
Who \is he?
How \are you?

Where \is it?
Where \are they?
Where \were you?
When \was it?

How far \is it?
How much \is it?

How \old are you?
How \far is it?
What \time is it?

Whats the \matter?
Whats the \problem?
Whats the \difference?

What is \this?
What is \that?
What are \these?

Whose book is \this?
Whose bag is \that?

How much is this \bag?
How much does it \cost?
How much do I \owe you?

How old is your \brother?
How often do you \go there?
How long did you \stay there?
What time should I \call you?

What are you going to \do?
What are you going to \have?
Where are you going to \be?
What are you doing to\morrow?

How many stories have you \read?
How much money have you \lost?

Friendly interest, politeness: Rising intonation

What is your /name?
Where do you /live?
What did she /say?
Where have you /been?

What are you /reading?
When is your /birthday?

How /much is it?
How /far is it?

How much is this /bag, please?
When is the next /train, please?
Where is the nearest /bank, please?

General questions: Rising intonation

Do you visit them /often?
Have you seen my /keys?
Are you ready to /start?

Have you read this /book?
Have you heard the /news?
Do you need some /help?
Do you have a /pen?
Are these books /yours?

Have you seen my /glasses?
Do you speak /English?
Do you want to /go there?
Will you see them to/morrow?
Would you like some /coffee?

Is Mike your /friend?
Is their house /large?
Is your sister a /journalist?
Is this book /interesting?

Are you going to wash the /car?
Is he planning to visit /Paris?
Does this bus go to the /airport?

Did Anton call you /yesterday?
Was Lena at home on /Sunday?
Are the students ready for the /test?

Does she /work?
Will they /come?
Do you /know him?
Do you /like it?
Have you /read it?
Did he /call you?

Can you /drive?
Can you /do it?
Shall I /read?
Should I /call him?

Am I /late?
Is he /here?
Is it /far?
Is it /true?
Is it /new?

Are you /sure?
Are you /tired?
Are you /hungry?
Are you /serious?
Are they /ready?

Is it /raining?
Is he /sleeping?
Are you /listening?

Is she a /doctor?
Is he a /teacher?
Is this /Main Street?
Are you a /student?
Are they /students?

Requests: Rising intonation

Could you give me a /pen, please?

Could you open the /window, please?
Would you mind /helping me?

May I speak to /Ella, please?
Could I speak to /Michael, please?
Can I borrow your /dictionary, please?

Could you /help me, please?
Can you /help me, please?

Alternative questions: Rising and falling intonation

Do you want /coffee or \tea?
Does he speak /English or \German?

Would you like /coffee or \tea?
Are you studying /English or \French?
Does he play /football or \basketball?

Is he /young or \old?
Were they /happy or \angry?
Is she a /doctor or a \teacher?

Do you have a /dog or a \cat?
Would you like an /apple or a \pear?

Did she go to /Italy or \France last year?
Did you go to the /cinema or to the \theater yesterday?

Will you come back at /five or at \six?
Does she read books in the /morning or at \night?
Will you try to do it to/day or to\morrow?

Tag questions: Falling or rising intonation

Its a beautiful \town, \isnt it?
She \knows him, /doesnt she?

Nice \weather, \isnt it?
You \live here, \dont you?
You \know him, \dont you?
You can \drive, \cant you?
He will \help them, \wont he?

Its a nice \day, \isnt it?
She speaks \English, \doesnt she?

Peter gave you a \present, \didnt he?
Nina and Helen are \friends, \arent they?

You dont \know them, \do you?
They havent found it, \have they?
You werent \late, \were you?
I shouldnt \do it, \should I?

Its not too \late, \is it?
Its not too \far, \is it?

Nice \weather, /isnt it?
You \live here, /dont you?
You can \drive, /cant you?
You \know it, /dont you?
He will \help them, /wont he?

Its a nice \day, /isnt it?
Its a beautiful \town, /isnt it?
She speaks \English, /doesnt she?

You werent \late, /were you?
Its not too \far, /is it?

Commands: Falling intonation

\Stop it! Sit \down.
Close your \books.

Come \in.
Go \home.
Stop \talking.
Hurry \up!

Open your \books.
Listen to the \story.
Wait for your \turn.
Go to your \room.

Tell me the \truth.
Give me your \hand.
Do it your\self.
Ask him for \help.

Turn left at the \bank.
Go back to the \hospital.
Write your name on this \line.

Sit \down, please.
Open the \door, please.
Close the \window, please.
Write your \name, please.

Requests: Rising intonation

Come \in, /please.
Come \here, /please.
Sit \down, /please.

Close the \window, /please.
Tell me your \name, /please.
Ask him to \call me, /please.

/Please come /in.
/Please sit /down.
/Please come /here.

Exclamatory sentences: Falling intonation

What a wonderful \present!
What a beautiful \day!
What a wonderful sur\prise!

How well she \sings!
How beautiful her \voice is!

What a \pity!
What a \waste!
What a re\lief!
What a sur\rprise!

How \nice of you!
How \strange it is!

How \nice!
How \strange!

Thats \great!
Thats \wonderful!
Thats a \lie!

Its good to \see you!
Its an excellent oppor\tunity!
Im so \happy!

\Great!
\Wonderful!
Hel\lo!

Its \great!
Its \wonderful!
Its \terrible!
We \did it!

Good \morning!
Good after\noon!

Good-/bye!

Direct address: Rising intonation

/Peter, can you /help me?
Mrs. /Smith, this is Mary \Brown.

/Ella, can you /help me?
/Lena, are you /there?
/Tony, where \are you?

/Tom, could you /help me, please?
Mrs. /Green, can I /talk to you, please?

/Mary, this is my son \Anton.
/Max, this is my \friend, Tom \Brown.
/Peter, this is Ma\rina, a \friend of mine.

Mr. /Trent, your papers are \ready.
/Sir, you dropped your \pencil.
/Nelly, Id like to \see you.
/Alex, read this \letter, please.

Hel\lo, /Tanya.
\Hi, /Jim.
Good-\bye, /Tom.
Good \morning, /Jane.

Good \morning, Jane.
Good \evening, sir.
See you to\morrow, Nick.

Enumerating: Rising intonation

/One, /two, /three, /four, \five.
She bought /bread, /cheese, /oranges, and \apples.

/Six, /seven, /eight, /nine, \ten.

/One, /two, /three, /four, /five, /six, /seven, /eight, /nine, \ten.

I bought /bread, /cheese, and to\matoes.
We need /paper, /pens, and \pencils.

I saw /Tom, /Mary, /Anna, and \Victor.
They visited /France, /Spain, /Italy, and \Greece.

/Anton, /Nick, /Anna, and /Lena are my \students.

Id like /orange juice, /omelet, /toast, /honey, and green \tea, please.

Responses

\Yes.
\No.
\Certainly.
\Sure.
\Thank you.
\Sorry.

Of \course.
All \right.
Very \well.
No \problem.
Thats \true.

I \think so.
You are \welcome.
You are \right.
Id be \glad to.
Im \sorry.

Thank you very \much.

\Yes, I \am.
\Yes, I \do.
\Yes, he \has.
\Yes, they \will.
\Yes, you \can.

\No, I \dont.
\No, I \havent.
\No, he \wont.
\No, you \shouldnt.

\Yes, \certainly.
\Yes, of \course.

\Yes, please.
\No, \thank you.

I \can.
She \is.
He \will.
You \should.
I \cant.
He \didnt.

Oh, /really?
Ex/cuse me?
Im /sorry?