[Đề thi HSG, lớp 10,Duyên hải và Đồng bằng Bắc Bộ, năm học 2014 – 2015]Thời gian làm bài: 180 phútCâu 1 [4 điểm]4222��y 2 xy 7 y x 7 x 8Giải hệ phương trình sau: �2322� 3 x y 1 x x 4 y 3Câu 2 [4 điểm]Cho đường tròn [w1] và [w2] cắt nhau tại P và Q, một đường thẳng d thay đổi đi qua B Cắt w1 tại A vàcác [w2] tại B sao cho P nằm giữa a và b; C, D là hai điểm cố định lần lượt thuộc [w1] và [w2] sao cho Pthuộc tia đối của tia DC. tia BD và đoạn AC cắt nhau tại X, điểm y thuộc [w1] sao cho đường thẳng PYsong song với đường thẳng BD, điểm Z thuộc [w2] sao cho đường thẳng PZ song song với đường thẳngAC. Gọi I và J lần lượt là tâm của các đường tròn ngoại tiếp tam giác ABQ và CDQ.a] chứng minh rằng đường thẳng IJ vuông góc với đường thẳng XQb] chứng minh rằng đường thẳng YZ luôn đi qua một điểm cố định khi d thay đổi.Câu 3 [4 điểm]Cho số nguyên tố p và ba số nguyên dương x, y, z thỏa mãn x < y < z < p. Chứng minh rằng nếux 3 �y 3 �z 3 [mod p] thì x 2 y 2 z 2 chia hết cho x + y + z.Câu 4. [4 điểm]3Xét các số thực dương x,y và z thỏa mãn x + y + z ≤ .4Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức:1 1 1P x yy zz x x y zCâu 5. [4 điểm]Có 42 học sinh tham iga một buổi giao lưu. Biết rằng cứ 3 học sinh bất kỳ, đều có ít nhất một cặp đôigồm hai học sinh có trao đổi kinh nghiệm học tập với nhau. Kí hiệu k là số cặp đôi như thế. Tìm giá trịnhỏ nhất cuả k.//dethithpt.com – Website chuyên đề thi – tài liệu file word mới nhất1Đáp Án4222�[1]�y 2 xy 7 y x 7 x 8Câu 1. Xét hệ phương trình �2322� 3 x y 1 x x 4 y 3 [2]Điều kiện xác định: x ≤ 3�y2 x 1222Ta có phương trình [1] � y x 7 y x 8 0 � �2y x 8�Vì x ≤ 3 nên x – 8 < 0, do đó không thể xảy ra trường hợp y 2 x 8 .Vậy y 2 x 1Thay vào [2] ta có:3 x x 2 x 3 x 2 4 x 1 [điều kiện x ≥ - 2].� x3 x 2 4 x 4 2 x 2 1 3 x 0� x _ 2 x 2 x 1 x2x20x 2 2 1 3 x11��� x 2 � x 2 x 1 � 0x 2 2 1 3 x ��1111��� x 2 � � 0 x 2 x 1 3x 2 2 1 3 x 3���� x 2 � x 2 x 1 �3�x 1x22�1� x 2 x 1 � x 2 �3 x22�� x 2 x 1 0 [Điều kiện x �2] 3x 2 1 3x 2 1x 13 x 113 x 1Từ đó ta thu được nghiệm của hệ đã cho là 1;0 2; 3 2; 3�� 03 x 2 ���� 03 x 2 ��Câu 2.a] Vì ACQP và PDQB là các tứ giác nội tiếp nên ta có:�� CPQ� DPQ� DBQ� XBQ� nên AXQB nội tiếp [1]XAQ CAQVì AXQB và BPDQ là các tứ giác nội tiếp nên ta có:� �� CDQ�nên tứ giác XDQC nội tiếp [2]QXCABQ PBQTừu 1 và [2] suy ra QX là trục thẳng phương của hai đường tròng [ABQ] avf [CDQ] do đó IJ XQb] Ta sẽ chứn gminh rằng đường thẳng YZ đi qua điểm Q cố định và đường thẳng này cũng đi qua điểm X.� DCX� PCA�Vì XDQC nội tiếp nên DQX[3]//dethithpt.com – Website chuyên đề thi – tài liệu file word mới nhất2� CPZ� DPZ�Từ PZ || AC nên PCA� DPZ�Từ [3] và [4] suy ra DQX[4]� DQZ� 1800 , do đó DQX� DPZ� 1800 hay Z, Q, X thẳng hàng.Mặt khác PDQZ nội tieeso nên DPZChứng minh tương tự ta được Y, Q, X thẳng hàng.Từ đó suy ra điều phải chứng minhCâu 3. Từ giả thiết ta có y 3 x 2 �0 [modulo p]22Suy ra y x y yx x �0 [modulo p] [1]Ta có y – xx là số nguyên dương bé hơn p và p là số nguyên tố nên y – x và p là nguyên tố cùng nhau. Dođó [1] ta được x 2 y 2 z 2 �0 [modulo p] [2]Chứng minh tương tự ta cũng có: y 2 yz z 2 �0 [modulo p] [3]Và z 2 zx x 2 �0 [modulo p] [4]Từ [2] và [3] ta có: z 2 x 2 yx xy �0 [modulo p]Suy ra z x x y z �0 [modulo p]Do đó x + y + z chia hết cho p, mà 0 < x + y + x< 3p� x + y + z bằng p hoặc 2p[5]2 �xy [modulo p]Sử dụng [2] ta có [x + y], kết hợp với x + y � z [modulo p] ta được z 2 �xy [modulo p] ,thay trở lại [2] ta có x 2 y 2 z 2 �0[modulo p] [6]Nếu x + y + z = p thì [6] có ngay x 2 y 2 z 2 chia hết cho x + y + zNếu x + y + z = 2p thì [6] có ngay x 2 y 2 z 2 chia hết cho x + y + zCâu 4.Theo bất đẳng thức giữa trung bình cộng và trung bình nhân ta có1 1 1x y �yzzx 8 xyzP 8 xyzx y zCũng theo bất đẳng thức giữa trung bình cộng và trung bình nhân ta được4441 1 11�1 � �1 � �1 �8 xyz �1313 8 xyz . � � � � � � 1313 213x y z�4 x � �4 y � �4 z �2 xyz . xyz 3�x y z � 1Và xyz ���� 6 . Suy ra P ≥ 13� 3� 21Mà khí x = y = z =thì P = 13, suy ra giá trị của P là 134Câu 5. Ta sẽ giải thích bài toán tổng quát:Bài toán. Cho m là số gnuyeen dương lớn hơn 1. Có 2m học sinh tham gia một buổi giao lưu. Biết rằng cứ 3học sinh bất kỳ, đều có ít nhất một cặp đôi gồm hai học sinh có trao đổi kinh nghiệm học tập với nhau. Kíhiệu k là số cặp đôi như thế.Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của k.Lời giải Với mỗi số nguyên dương m > 1, rõ ràng tồn tại giá trị nhỏ nhất của k, ta kí hiệu giá trị này bởik[m]Ta thấy k[2] = 2Bây giờ giả sử m > 2Xét buổi giao lưu gồm 2m học sinh sao cho cớ 3 học sinh bất kỳ, đều có ít nhất một cặp đôi gồm hai họcsinh có trao đổi học tập với nhau bằng k[m].Tồn tại ít nhất hai học sinh [kí hiệu là A và B] không trao đổi học tập với nhau, loại A và B ra khỏi buổi giaolưu này ta có một buổi giao lưu gồm 2[m – 1] học sinh mà cứ 3 học sinh bất kỳ, đều có ít nhất một cặp đôi//dethithpt.com – Website chuyên đề thi – tài liệu file word mới nhất3gồm hai học sinh có trao đổi kinh nghiệm học tập với nhau. Số cặp dôi gồm hai học sinh có trao đổi kinhnghiệm học tập với nhau trong buổi liên hoan mới sẽ không ít hơn k[m – 1], mà mỗi học sinh trong buổi liênhoan mới sẽ trao đổi kinh nghiệm học tập với A hoặc B [vì A và không trao đổi học tập với nhau]Suy ra k[m]≥k[m – 1] + 2[m – 1]Do đó k[m] ≥ m[m – 1] với mỗi số nguyên dương m > 1 [1]Với mỗi số nguyên dương m > , ta xét mội buổi giao lưu gồm 2m học sinh như sau:Các học sinh trong buổi giao lưu thuộc một trong hai nhốm [gọi là X và Y]. Nhóm X gồm m học sinh cótrao đổi học tập từng đôi một, nhóm Y gồm m học sinh có trao đổi học tập từng đôi một. Mỗi học sinh củanhóm này đều không có trao đổi học tập với bất kỳ một học sinh nào của nhóm kia.Rõ ràng trong buổi giao lưu này, cứ 3 học sinh bất kỳ, đều có ít nhất một cặp đôi gồm hai học sinh có traođổi kinh nghiệm học tập với nhau số cặp đôi trao đổi học tập với nhau bằng m[m – 1].Suy ra k[m] ≤ m[m – 1] với mỗi số nguyên dương m > 1 [2]Từ [1] và [2] suy ra k[m] = m[m – 1] với mỗi số nguyên dương m > 1.Trở lại bài toán ban đầu.Theo trên ta có giá trị k bé nhất là k[21] = 420//dethithpt.com – Website chuyên đề thi – tài liệu file word mới nhất4
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BAN TỔ CHỨC KÌ THI
TUYỂN TẬP
ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI
KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI
BẮC BỘ NĂM 2014
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KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI
KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ NĂM HỌC 2013 - 2014
ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 Thời gian 180 phút [không kể thời gian giao đề]
Ngày thi: 19/04/2014 A. LISTENING: [15 pts]
Part 1: You will hear an interview with Angela Morgan, who has recently flown around the world in a helicopter. Listen and choose the best answer to each question. [5 pts]
1. The main reason for Angela’s trip was to A. make money for her business.
B. make money for other people. C. have an exciting adventure.
2. What does Angela say about her life now? A. She feels much older.
B. She likes to be active and busy. C. She is lonely without children.
3. During the trip, Angela and her teacher A. did very little sightseeing.
B. carried all the water they needed. C. had engine problems several times.
4. What did Angela enjoy most about the trip? A. flying at night
B. walking in the desert
C. watching the changes in the scenery
5. What did Angela miss most while she was away? A. modern bathrooms
B. regular exercise
D. interesting entertainment
Part 2: You will hear a radio announcer talking about activities at a museum called Science World. For each question, fill in the missing information. [10 pts]
Science World
Next week’s Special Events
EVENTS: TIME OF DAY: * Electricity workshop [1] ……….. * Experiment with [2] ……… Wednesday morning * Talk about space travel by well- [3] ………. known scientists from
[4] ………
Science World entrance fees are: £3.00 Adults
[5] ……….. Children Tickets for Special Events cost extra: [6] ………Adults Reduced prices for children
Get tickets directly from Science World [7] ………. or from [8] ………. Newton Café is next to the [9] ………..
[snacks available all day].
Phone Science World for free ticket to exhibition about [10] ………. ĐỀ SỐ 1
[3]B. PHONETICS [5 pts]
Part 1: Pick out the word with the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest. [2.5 pts]
1. A. modernise B. dramatise C. expertise D. merchandise 2. A. chameleon B. enchant C. chamberlain D. bachelor 3. A. solemnity B. spectacle C. sombrero D. desolate 4. A. costume B. cosmetic C. disposal D. ostensible 5. A. cantaloupe B. catastrophe C. apostrophe D. recipe
Part 2:Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of other words [2.5 pts]
1. A. generous B. pagoda C. address D. control
2. A. reaction B. miserable C. knowledge D. accident 3. A. compulsory B. objective C. publication D. statistical 4. A. confidence B. minimize C. complaint D. imitate 5. A. pleasure B. guaranty C. optimistic D. sanguine
C. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY [30ps]
Part 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. [5ps]
1. His landlady gave him a week’s ________ to leave the flat.
A. threat B. notice C. advice D. caution
2. My brother is intelligent but he _______ common sense.
A. fails B. lacks C. misses D. wants
3. I am _______ tired to think about that problem at the moment.
A. far too B. simply C. much more D. nearly
4. His _______ of the school regulations really can’t be ignored any longer.
A. carelessness B. inattention C. unfamiliarity D. disregard 5. ______ after trying three times, he passed the examination.
A. Last of all B. Lastly C. Last D. At last
6. It took me a long time to ______ what the aim of the game was.
A. ponder B. consider C. grasp D. reckon
7.He _______ malaria while he was in Africa.
A. infected B. contracted C. was caught D. gained 8. The question of late payment of the bills was ______again at the meeting.
A. raised B. risen C. brought D. taken
9. None of us has ever ______ of cheating in class.
A. declared B. persisted C. approved D. concluded 10. We have been working hard. Let’s ______ a break.
A. make B. find C. do D. take
11. It’s advisable to _______ any contact with potential rabis animals.
A. escape B. avoid C. prevent D. evade
12. “Would you mind helping me with these heavy boxes?” _______
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A. discouraged B. annoyed C. undecided D. determined 15. He gave me his personal _______ that his draft would be ready by Friday. A. endurance B. insurance C. assurance D. ensurance
16. It’s high time we got going, _______?
A. isn’t it B. didn’t it C. should we D. aren’t we 17. The weather forecast was for rain, but the day was fine and dry, _____ it turned out. A. When B. though C. like D. as
18. The book would have been perfect _______ the ending. A. it had not been for B. hadn’t it been for C. it hadn’t been to D. had it not been for 19. The film is ______ released at the end of next year. A. on the verge of being B. due to be C. about to be D. on the point of being 20. “Why did Laura go to town?”
“_______ for was to attend an interview.”
A. What she went B. That she went C. Why she went D. She w
Part 2. Find and correct ten mistakes in the following passage. You should indicate in which line the mistake is. [5 pts]
When we first took our children to sea with us, it was rare to come cross other family on sailing boats. Usually such meetings resulted in the children quickly making friends, while we parents discuss how we managed. At firstly, I was worried about taking children to sea and I had many questions however I would amuse them? What if they fell ill at sea? Add to such questions was the major problem of their education. When we set out on our voyage, my duaghter was seven, my son five, and we planned to sail for three years. That we only returned to england six years late with 60,000 miles behind us and children of thirteen and eleven years old, is an indicate of how my worries had been answered. One change over these years has been the increasing in the number of parents who take their children to sea on long voyages.
Part 3. Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition or particle. [5 points] 1. The new regulations have thrown _______ a few problems for the company.
2. The workers were rather cynical after the meeting. Most of them were _______ no illusions that the management would take their complaints seriously.
3. Jack took early retirement as he was losing his grip _______ the job.
4. He scolded her so much that she was reduced _______ tears by the end of the meeting.
5. The sudden movement of the train threw me _______ balance and I fell head-first down the steps. 6. The price of shares in the company went up _______ over 50% when they announced the discovery
of the new oilfield.
7. Ron usually primes himself _______ plenty of black coffee before starting the night shift.
8. We still haven’t sold the house because the buyers went back on their word and pulled ___ ___ the deal.
9. Hi Brenda, Peter here. I’m just ringing _______ to say I’ve got two tickets for the concert on Saturday night. Fancy coming?
10. The group rounded _______ the concert with their greatest hits. So everyone went home happy. 11. As there was no official at the gate, Diana got ___ ____ not buying an entrance ticket.
[5]12. His company went bankrupt, three years of hard work _______ the drain. 13. She is putting _______ a little each month for her studies in Queenstown.
14. The oral examination was difficult. The examiner tried to catch me _______ by asking some tricky questions.
15. They should be able to settle their differences without resorting _______ violence. 16. The small boat drifted helplessly _______ the mercy of the wind and waves. 17. I find it very hard to commit historical dates _______ memory.
18. If you would like to wait a moment, Sir, I will just call _______ your file on the computer screen. 19. Quick, I haven’t got a pen. Can you jot Jack’s phone number _______ for me?
20. When I was a student, I eked _______ what little money I had by buying only second-hand clothes.
Part 4.Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. [5 pts] The stretch of water which [1. separate] _____________ Britain from France and the rest of mainland Europe [2. always play] _________________ a significant role in British history. Saturday, 1st December 1990 was no ordinary day in the Channel’s long history. At 11.00 a.m, two miners, one French and one English, [3. cut] ______________ through the last few centimeters of chalk [4. separate] _______________ the UK from mainland Europe. It was the first land connection since the Ice age.
Work began on Europe tunnel in 1987. It [5. also know] ___________________ as the Channel Tunnel, the Chunnel or Trans Manche link. It [6. build] ___________________ by an Anglo-French engineering company, Eurotunnel, across 34 km of water from Cheriton [near Folkstones in SE England] to Coquilles [near Calais in NW France]. A smaller central service tunnel [7. build] ___________________ [8. use] ___________________ by workers and engineers for maintenance work and emergencies. The two outer tunnels [9. carry] ___________________ high speed passenger and freight trains. Cars and lorries [10. also transport] ___________________ by train. The tunnel [11. expect] _______________ [12. have] _________________an effect on British
industry and [13. certainly boost]
the tourist industry. Journeys between Britain and Europe [14. be] ___________________ quicker and more reliable for both holiday makers and business people. Lorry drivers [15. be] ___________________ able to relax and [16. enjoy] ___________________ their shorter Channel crossing. Only one question [17. remain] ___________________. With the sea no longer [18. act] ___________________ as a natural barrier, swimmers [19. continue0 ___________________ to try to swim the Channel as they [20. do] ___________________ for years?
Part 5. Write the correct form of the word given in brackets. [5 pts] WOMEN ONLY
Increasingly, women are taking their holidays without men. For _____ [1. SAFE] reasons, camaraderie or just plain fun, a growing number of female tourists are singing up for women-only trips. Twenty years ago only a _____ [2. HAND] of companies offered such holidays; now there are several hundred. Travel _____ [3. CONSULT] Andre Littlewood says that the combination of higher incomes with delayed marriage, divorce, retirement and widowhood has _____ [4. ABLE]
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holidays the atmosphere is relaxed and _____ [7. CO-OPERATE]. It’s also a great deal more fun. Women laugh more _____ [8. READY] than men, probably because they don’t mind laughing at themselves.” Since her divorce Janice Cummings has been a regular traveler with Everywoman Tours, and Oxford-based Company whose very name is a _____ [9. DETER] to men. “And a good thing too,” she says. “Men simply cannot resist the _____ [10. TEMPT] to try and take control, no matter where they are. And that includes on holiday. Thankfully, there is none of that with Everywoman.”
Part 6. Complete the text below by filling in each gap a conjunction or preposition given. Some conjunctions or prepositions are used more than once. [5 pts]
but despite however nevertheless though on the contrary whereas while yet
THE ELGIN MARBLES
The Elgin Marbles are statues which date back to the 5th century BC. Though they were created in Greece and were located there until the late 18th century, they are now exhibited in the British Museum, London.
The statues used to be in Athens [1]________ they were bought in 1799 by the Englishman Lord Elgin, who wanted to bring them back to Britain as part of his personal art collection. [2]________, on the sea voyage back to England, the ship carrying them was sunk and the ‘Marbles’ were temporarily lost. It would be an incredibly expensive operation to recover them. [3]________, Elgin did so, and even though he was a very rich man, he placed himself in enormous debt. Despite his own desires, he had to sell the Marbles to the British Government to recover his losses and they were housed in the British Museum, where they have remained ever since.
In recent times, [4]________, the statues have become the subject of debate between Britain and Greece and, indeed, among British historians and archaeologists. [5]________ the Greek authorities have requested the return of the Marbles on many occasions, the request has always been refused. There are arguments on both sides. Some people believe that it would be foolish to return them, valid [6]________ the Greek request may be, because of the pollution that is affecting the Parthenon and the possibility of earthquakes in Greece. Restored to the Parthenon, the Marbles could be exposed to damage, [7]________ they are safe in the British Museum.
Of course, there are equally compelling arguments for their return, especially on the moral level. It cannot be denied, [8]________ the material safety the statues enjoy in Britain, that they are part of the Greek heritage. Many people also refute the argument that Athens would not be a safe place for them. [9]________, they claim that if the statues were returned to Greece, a new state-of-the-art building would be constructed to house them, where they would be both safe and in their rightful environment. Furthermore, the British authorities have long used the argument that works of art should not be subject to ‘ownership’, but should be kept where they are accessible to most people. [10]________ in the past they have returned a number of cultural artefacts from other civilisations to their origins.
The argument continues, and is likely to do so for some time in the future. D. READING: [30 pts]
Part 1. Read the text below and decide which answer [A, B, C or D] best fits each space. [7.5 pts]
Sleeping disorders like insomnia can [1] _________ to be a worrying question for many of us. Almost anyone can easily conjure [2] ________ at least one sleepless night of [3] ________ and turning in bed awaiting the bliss of a deep dream. Most probably, a third of us [4] _______ the distressing experience at least once a week.
[7]Even though it is possible for people to [5] _________ without any sleep at all for a certain period of time, such occurrences are rather few and far [6] _____ and there is no evidence to [7] _________this assumption. What is sure, however, is the fact that we do need some sleep to regenerate our strength and to [8] _____ the brain to its proper activity. No wonder, then, that the tiredness and fatigue that appear after a sleepless night [9] _______ many of us to go for chemical support in the form of sleep [10] _______ tablets or powders.
However long the problem of sleeplessness has afflicted many individuals, very little has been [11] _______ in the question of its original causes. We are conscious that it usually [12] ________ those who are exposed to a great deal of stress, anxiety or depression. It may also be [13] _______ by overworking or unfavorable surroundings with scarcity of fresh air.
Sleeping pills may provide some relief and can act as an alternative in this desperate situation. Yet, they do little to combat the ailment in full. Consequently, our hopes should be [14] _________ on the medical authorities to [15] ________ the root cause of insomnia before we take to being nocturnals leading our noisy lives in the dead of night.
1. A. present B. entail C. realize D. prove
2. A. up B. about C. off D. out
3. A. rolling B. wriggling C. tossing D. spinning
4. A. underpass B. undergo C. underlie D. undertake
5. A. operate B. process C. function D. perform
6. A. between B. along C. within D. beyond
7. A. proclaim B. endure C. invalidate D. substantiate
8. A. recuperate B. restore C. revive D. resume
9. A. exert B. affect C. enforce D. compel
10. A. inducing B. attaining C. exacting D. contributing
11. A. disparaged B. retrieved C. detected D. originated
12. A. betrays B. besets C. bemoans D. bestows
13. A. engendered B. applied C. instigated D. evolved
14. A. placed B. ascribed C. focused D. attached
15. A. emerge B. release C. determine D. confess
Part 2. Complete the following extract from a pamphlet on deafness by writing the missing words in the spaces provided. Use only one word in each space. [7.5 pts]
This pamphlet is not about empty statements and false promises, rather it is concerned with the cooperation needed by deaf people from those who speak to them. Any person who is willing to
[8]7
Please avoid shouting at deaf people [3] ……….possible. shouting contorts the face of the speaker [4] ………..the embarrassment of the listener, and [5] …………the conservation unnatural and strained. Speech is usually [6] ……….heard when it is given in a clear voice [7] …………..slightly louder [8] ………normal.
Clarity [9] ………than volume is often the main requirement when speaking. Many deaf people have some ability to lip-read, [10] ………..going to lip-reading classes. Some partially deaf people [11] ………practise this skill without realising it. They feel that they can hear a speaker [12] ………when he is facing them. In actual fact, this probably isn’t the case, [13] ………they are likely to understand [14] …………..accurately because what they only partially hear is assisted [15] ………what they also see in the speaker’s expressions and lip-movements.
Part 3: You are going to read an extract from an article. Choose the answer [A, B, C or D] which you think fits best according to the text. [5 pts]
Leakey’s Achievement
Although he made his name with his archeological finds of early humans, Richard Leakey became famous as the conservationist who turned the tide against elephant poaching. Bringing the slaughter of Kenya's elephants under control required a military solution, and Leakey was not afraid to apply it. Many poachers were killed, giving Leakey a reputation for being a cold- blooded obsessive who put animals before people. Moreover, his efforts to eradicate corruption in Kenya's wildlife
management system won him many enemies.
But the birth of the Kenya Wildlife Service [KWS], the eradication of elephant poaching and the
ban on the international trade in ivory are his legacy, and they form the basis of Wildlife Wars. This surprisingly personal memoir has much to tell about the fragile relationships between conservationists and governments. It is a story not only of Kenya, but of the continuing cost of trying to save the world's wildlife from extinction.
Life for the average person in Africa is tough, and basic needs are far from being met. This is the
background against which Leakey fought his war, and he constantly refers to the threat poverty poses to the preservation of Africa's spectacular wildlife. Leakey's argument, here and in recent lectures, is that national parks managed exclusively for biodiversity protection must be created, and that this protection of our wildlife heritage should be funded by international sources.
However, in the early 1990s the development agencies favoured "community-based" conservation. Leakey's stand on protection of parks was seen as a lack of respect for local communities, and used against him when he resigned as head of the KWS in 1994. Recently donors and conservationists have come to recognise the limitations of purely local conservation programmes; there is a growing consensus that the poor are unlikely to manage wildlife resources wisely for the long term because
[9]their needs are immediate.
Wildlife Wars continues where Leakey's memoir One Life left off. It spans a 13-year period, beginning in 1989 when Leakey became head of the KWS. Then the elephant slaughter was at its height across Africa; it is estimated that between 1975 and 1989 the international markets for ivory in Europe, the United States and Asia led to the death of 1.2 m elephants, slaughtered for their ivory to make piano keys, games and fashion accessories. Kenya's herds were reduced by more than 85%
by armed poachers, who turned their guns on anything and anyone. To stop this killing required
changing the perceptions of ivory users so as to eliminate the markets, as well as mounting an armed force against the poachers.
With both humour and seriousness, Leakey explains the sacrifices he had to make in order to see his vision succeed.
Despite the gravity of the situation, Leakey makes light of the sometimes comical circumstances, although it is clear that his life was at risk many times and he worked under
tremendous pressure. For many, however, the real question is why this paleoanthropologist should
risk his life for wildlife. The answer may lie in Leakey's own depiction of himself, although obviously aggressive and driven while running KWS, as essentially reflective. Presenting in moving terms his introduction to elephant emotions and society, he describes his outrage at the moral and ethical implications of poaching and culling for ivory, arguing that elephants, apes, whales and dolphins have emotions so like those of humans that they deserve to be treated as such.
Hard-core wildlife groups sniggered at his 'bunny- hugging' tendencies, but they underestimated his impact. It is impossible to put a value on Leakey's work during those years. As the elephant population began to recover, Kenya's tourist industry revived to become the country's main source of revenue. An international awareness campaign centred on an ivory bonfire, which led to the ban on ivory trade and the collapse of ivory prices.
1. Richard Leakey is most well-known for
A. increasing wildlife budgets. B. successfully stopping illegal hunting. C. removing the ban on the ivory trade. D. helping to identify man’s origins.
2. The word poaching in paragraph 1 is closest meaning to
A. cooking B. approaching C. hunting illegal D. stealing
3. The word fragile in paragraph 2 has the opposite meaning to
A. sturdy B. delicate C. flimsy D. brittle
4. In paragraph 3, Leakey makes the point that
A. conservation should be global responsibility. B. a war must be fought against poverty.
[10]9 5. It is now becoming accepted that
A. Leakey had no regard for local communities.
B. conservation programs should be under local control C. donors have not yet received sufficient recognition.
D. poverty makes regional conservation programmes unreliable.
6. The writers says that between 1975 and 1989
A. the perceptions of the use of ivory changed. B. elephants were used to make piano keys. C. the elephant population was decimated. D. demand for ivory began to decrease.
7. Leakey considers himself
A. amusing B. sentimental C. contemplative D. obsessive
8. The word gravity in paragraph 6 is closest meaning to
A. importance B. force C. weight D. seriousness
9. What does the writer imply in the last paragraph?
A. a disease had affected elephants. B. Leakey’s views are overly sentimental. C. Leakey’s success in doubt. D. Leakey’s work had wide-range effects.
10. This passage is taken from
A. an article about endangered species. B. a book about Richard Leakey. C. an article about Kenya. D. a book review
Part 4. Read the following texts about some famous walls around the world, then choose from the four texts about walls [A-D] to answer the questions that follow. The texts may be chosen more than once.
A GUIDE TO GREAT WALLS A.
Erected in 1961 to prevent East German citizens crossing to the West, the Berlin Wall initially consisted mainly of barbed wire and armed guards. Within months a concrete wall began to appear, to be replaced on three separate occasions by ever more sophisticated versions, increasingly resistant to breakthroughs. On the east side of the wall, tank traps and ditches were built as protection against attack, and as a further deterrent to would-be escapees.
Although over 170 people lost their lives in Berlin trying to flee to the West, human will and ingenuity often prevailed, with a number of successful escape attempts via tunnels and, on one occasion, in a home-made hot air balloon. The 107-kilometre-long structure lost its relevance in 1989, when Hungary allowed East Germans to pass through their country on their way to Austria and West Germany, and after travel restrictions were lifted, people began to demolish whole sections of the wall. Now very little of it remains and the land has been used for housing and other property development.
B.
Stretching for several thousand kilometres from the east coast of the country to the Gobi Desert, the Great Wall of China is said to be the only man-made structure visible from outer space. The oldest section was begun in 221 BC, using soldiers and local people, as well as intellectuals who had been sentenced to forced labour under the repressive Qin dynasty. Not surprisingly, the layers of
[11]compacted earth used to construct the wall soon began to crumble, and it was left to the later Han dynasty to restore and add to it.
By now the wall had evolved from a mere defence system for keeping out marauding tribes into a safe haven where trade could flourish, and bustling market towns sprang up at the many busy gates. But the ornate and imposing structure with which we are familiar from photographs was not added until the fourteenth century by Ming, using advanced brick-building technology. It was he who joined the three separate walls to create this truly impressive feat of construction.
C.
Situated in the north of England at one of the narrowest parts of the country, Hadrian’s Wall is arguably the most important monument built by the Romans in Britain. Construction of the wall began in 120 AD on the orders of Emperor Hadrian, who wanted to mark the northernmost boundary of his Empire. The 117-kilometre wall was manned by thousands of troops, who kept watch from numerous turrets and mile castles, and who lived in a series of forts situated at strategic locations.
In the centuries following its abandonment around 400 AD, its stones were used by local people to build houses, walls and even churches. Nevertheless, spectacular stretches of the wall remain and a number of forts and museums along its length can be visited, providing a fascinating glimpse into the lives of the Roman soldiers who patrolled it. Although built of stone, the wall itself is vulnerable to erosion and visitors are discouraged from walking on it. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987, Hadrian’s Wall ranks alongside some of the more famous architectural treasures in the world.
According to the information given in the texts, which wall … 1. can be seen from a great distance?
2. is susceptible to damage? 3. quickly fell into disrepair?
4. is no longer very much in evidence?
5. is a series of different walls which were connected? 6. was built with the help of prisoners?
7. is compared favourably with other ancient monuments? 8. became unnecessary as a result of events elsewhere? 9. proved to be an ideal site for commercial activity? 10. did not always achieve its purpose?
E. WRITING: [20 pts] Part 1:[5 pts]
Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the one printed above.
1. The car has leather seats.
The seats ……….……….. 2. In the event of nuclear weapons being used, we are all doomed.
If it should ………... 3. Success in the academic field depends on your ability to amass qualifications.
[12]11
5. The collision didn’t damage my car much.
Not a great………..……… 6. Something must be done quickly to solve the problem of homelessness.
Urgent ……….. 7. We’ve been trying to sell our house for well over six months.
Our house ……….. 8. Her success went beyond her expectation.
Never ……… 9. I wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Karen had changed her job.
It came ……… 10. Just thinking about his face at that moment makes me laugh.
The very ………
Part 2: “School extra activities are beneficial to students’ life.” Do you agree with this statement? Write a paragraph of about 180 words to state your viewpoint. [15 pts]
[13]ĐÁP ÁN MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 – ĐỀ SỐ 1.
KỲ THI HSG VÙNG ĐỒNG BẰNG DUYÊN HẢI BẮC BỘ
HẢI DƯƠNG 2014 A. LISTENING Part 1: [5 pts] 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B Part 2: [10 pts] 1. Monday afternoon 6. £1.75 2. water 7. on 284311
3. Saturday morning 8. tourist office[s]
4. America/ USA 9. beach
5. £2.00 10. computers B. PHONETICS Part 1: [2.5 pts] 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A Part 2: [2.5 pts] 11. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. C
C. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
Part 1: [5 pts] 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. D 18. D 19. D 20. D Part 2: [5 pts] 1. family [1] families 2. discuss [3] discussed 3. firstly [3] first 4. however [4] how 5. Add [4] Added 6. daughter [6] daughter 7. england [7] England 8. late [7] later 9. indicate [8] indication 10. increasing [9] increase Part 3 [5 pts] 1. up 2. under 3. on 4. to 5. off
6. by 7. with 8. out of 9. up 10. off
[14]9. will carry 10. will …be transported
11. is expected 12. to have
13. will …boost 14. will be 15. will be 16. enjoy
17. remains 18. acting 10. will continue 20. have done
Part 5: [5 pts] 1. safety 6. uninhibited 2. handful 7. co-operative 3. consultant 8. readily 4. enabled 9. deterrent 5. freedom 10. temptation Part 6: [5 pts] 1. but 6. though 2. Hoever 7. whereas 3. Nevertheless 8. despite
4. However 9. On the contrary
5. While 10.yet D. READING Part 1: [7.5 pts] 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C Part 2: [7.5 pts]
1. for 6. best 11. even/ may/ might/ can
2. themselves 7. raised 12. better/ only
3. if// whenever 8. than 13. but
4. to 9. rather 14. never 5. makes 10. without 15. by Part 3: [5 pts] 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. D Part 4: [10 pts] 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A E. WRITING Part 1: [5 pts]
1. ….in the car are covered with leather.
[15]3. ...qualification you are able to amass, the more successful yu are in the academic field.
4. ….regretted not being able to celebrate the New Year with her husband.
5. ….amount of damage was done/ caused to my car in the accident.
6. ….action/ measures must be taken to solve the problem of homelessness.
7…..has been for sale for well over six months.
8. ….did she expect her success.
9. ….as no surprise to me to hear that Karen had changed her job. 10. ….thought of his face at that moment makes me laugh.
Part 2: [15 pts]
1. Completion: [2 pt.]
2. Content: [3 pts]
Provide relevant and convincing ideas about the topic, supported by specific example and/or reasonable justification.
3. Organisation: [4 pts]
- Present the right form of a paragraph
- Ideas are well organized and presented with unity, cohesion and coherence.
4. Language: [5 pts]
- Demonstrate of a wide range of vocabulary and structures.
- Good use of grammatical structures.
[16]SỞ GD- ĐT NAM ĐỊNH
TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LÊ HỒNG PHONG
ĐỀ ĐỀ XUẤT
ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI
VÙNG DUYÊN HẢI – ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ Năm 2014
Môn: Tiếng Anh – Lớp 10
Thời gian: 180 phút [không kể thời gian giao đề
PART I: LISTENING [15 pts]
PART 1: Circle the correct answer.
1. The weekly radio programme is on A topics suggested by listeners. B local news items.
C listeners' hobbies.
2. The process of stamp production is A difficult.
B expensive. C time consuming.
3. In the search for suitable subjects, people are invited to A research a number of topics.
B give an opinion on possible topics. C produce a list of topics.
4. Topics are sent for final approval to A a group of graphic artists.
B the Board of Directors. C a designers' committee.
5. Australian artists receive money A only if the stamp goes into circulation. B for the design only.
C for the design and again if it is used.
[17]Questions 1 – 5: Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer.
WESTLEY PUBLIC LIBRARY MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION FORM Example answer:
NAME: Camden FIRST NAME: Peter ADDRESS: Flat 5
53 [1] _________________________________ Finsbury
POSTCODE [2] ____________________________________ DATE OF BIRTH 8th July [3] _____________________________ HOME TEL None
MOBILE TEL [4] ___________________________________ PROOF OF RESIDENCE PROVIDED [5]______________ Questions 6 – 8 : Circle THREE letters A - F.
What type of books does Peter like? A Wildlife books
B Romance books C Travel books D Historical novels E Science Fiction novels F Mystery books
Questions 9 and 10: Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer.
[18]PART II: PHONETICS [5pts]
I. Choose the word - A, B, C or D - that has its underlined part pronounced differently from the other three in each question. [2.5pts]
1. A. mischief B. relief C. belief D. chief
2. A. canary B. share C. baron D. pharaoh
3. A. chorus B. chore C. chronicle D. synchronize
4. A. perfect B. correct C. hectare D. select
5. A. southern B. truth C. south D. cloth
II. Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others by circling A, B, C, or D. [2.5pts]
1. A. admirable B. accessible C. compatible D. respiratory
2. A. humane B. unite C. colleague D. canteen
3. A. descent B. dissent C. discontent D. content
4. A. eradicate B. kilometer C. characterize D. communism
5. A. technical B. origin C. agriculture D. cathedral
PART III: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR [30 pts]
I. Choose the best word or phrase to fill in each gap in the following sentences. [5pts]
1. He got his university degree last year. Now he’s doing ... studies.
A. graduate B. graduating C. postgraduation D. graduation 2. I will only sign the papers ... my solicitor.
A. within reach B. of the agreement of
C. under surveillance of D. in the presence of
3... our pre-paid order, they failed to send us the items in time.
A. With respect to B. Regardless of
C. On behalf of D Without any notice of
4. Not only……….in the project, but he also wanted to become the leader.
A. did Jack involve B. had Jack been involved
[19]5. I assure you that I ... no prejudice against what you are doing.
A. harbour B. shelter C. imply D. shadow
6. I felt a bit ...and seemed to have more aches and pains than usual.
A. out of sorts B. on the mend C. over the worst D. under the fevers
7. The inn owner was so generous. What we consumed was ... the house.
A. in B. on C. off D. of
8. Although the cyclist was unhurt, his bicycle was ... between the lorry and the wall.
A. clapped B. crushed C. split D. banged
9. The school was closed for a month because of a serious ... of fever.
A. outcome B. outburst C. outset D. outbreak
10. You should iron out the ... in that dress.
A. wrinkles B. crumples C. folds D. creases
11. I don’t think he’s ever been there, ...?
A. do I B. has he C. do you D. hasn’t he
12. I would appreciate ... it a secret
A. you to keep B. your keeping C. that you keep D. that you will keep
13. After congratulating his team, the coach left, allowing the players to let their ... down for a while.
A. hair B. heads C. hearts D. souls
14. ...there are more cars in Los Angeles than people.
A. Fact that B. As fact that is C. The fact that D. It is a fact that 15. The management are making ... to increase the company’s efficiency.
[20]A. are yet to be announced B. haven’t been yet announced C. yet are to be announced D. haven’t announced yet
18. I haven’t seen Jane for nearly ten years, ...she had got married and had two children.
A. for that duration B. at that point C. during which time D. in that time
19. He is a nice guy but I don’t know why he ...so rude today.
A. is B. has been C. is being D. is to be
20. Lisa: “It’s nearly the end of the holiday already.” Mary: “...!”
A. How time flies B. Let’s call it a day
C. It’s a small world D. There’s nothing to it
II. Identify 10 errors in the following passage and correct them.[5pts]
The Chinese are very generous when it comes to the education of their children. No caring about the money, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the United States or Australia. They also want their children to take extra- course activities which they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes which will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the most expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents will spend an unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples will buy a computer for their son or daughter. However, what most parents fail to see is that the best early education they can give their children is usually very cheap. Parents can see that their children’s skills vary, skilled in some areas while poor in the others. What most parents fail to realize, though, is that today children lack self-respect and self-confidence. The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy, or clever. Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills as cooking, sewing, and doing another housework. Teaching a child to cook will improve much of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and
[21]time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. His result, a well-cook dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of self-confidence. 1 _____ ______ 2 _____ ______ 3 _____ ______ 4 _____ ______ 5 _____ ______ 6 _____ ______ 7 _____ ______ 8 _____ ______ 9 _____ ______ 10 _____ ______
III. Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition: [5pts] 1. The murderer has been condemned …………. death. 2. I was ill for 2 weeks, so I’ve fallen ………….with my work.
3. My plans for starting a restaurant fell ………….for lack of capital. 4. ………….those present at the ceremony was the local MP, Claire Sims. 5. The cat jumped ………….the wall and landed in next door’s pond. 6. At the library yesterday, I ran ………….an old friend.
7. Before you say no, please calm ………….and listen.
8. How could you stand ………….and watched him beat the children like that? 9. Nobody was taken ………….by his story although it seemed convincing at
first.
10. You can’t talk me ………….giving you more money. I’ve given you enough already.
[22]16. Because she kept putting ………….going to the dentist, her toothache got worse.
17. Are you going to sit …………. and let me do everything? 18. The Democratic Party came ………….power this year.
19. This composition would be better if you cut ………….the second paragraph. 20. After the flood, hundreds of volunteers came ………….with offers of
assistance.
IV. Use the most suitable form of the verbs in brackets: [5pts]
1. Sally! I...[expect not] to see you here! What...[you do] here in New York?
2. Whatever...[happen], I...[meet] you here in a week's time. 3. Since I... [pay] for our lunch, I...[try] to attract the waiter’s attention.
4. You [not buy] ... your umbrella for we are going by car.
5. You should have been more careful. You [avoid] ……… having had this accident.
6. Not until later did they discover that the picture [steal] …………
7. I waited under the clock! - So did I, but I didn’t see you! We [wait] ... under different clocks.
8. She was breathing fast and deep, as if she [run] ………..
9. It is very cold. Mr. Taylor, who has been ill recently, is walking along the road without a coat. He [wear] ……….. a warm coat.
10. He got angry because he hadn’t been accustomed to [make] ……….. fun like that before.
11. Although [found] ……….many centuries earlier, Luxor did not reach preeminence until about 2000 B.C.
12. I would like [give] ………... the chance to explain my point of view, but they weren’t interested.
[23]14. The police are stopping all the cars. They [look for] ...the escaped prison.
15. I didn’t do the test well. I [prepare] ……… it very carefully at home. 16. My uncle would rather that I [not leave] ……….yesterday.
17. Just inside the outer layer of the earth’s atmosphere [be] ……… the elements necessary to protect it from ultraviolet rays, extreme temperatures, and threatening foreign substances.
V. Give the correct form of the words in brackets. [5pts] The Desire to Know
Curiosity goes back to the dawn of human [0] _____ existence _____. This irresponsible desire to know is not a [1] _________ of inanimate objects. Nor does it seem to be attributable to some forms of living organism which, for that very reason, we can scarcely bring ourselves to consider alive. A tree, for example, does not display [2] _________ curiosity, nor does a sponge or even an oyster. If chance events bring them poison, predators or parasites, they die as [3] _________ as they lived.
Early in the scheme of life, [4] _________ motion was developed by some organisms. It meant an [5] _________ advance in their control of the environment. A moving organism no longer waited in stolid [6] _________ for food to come its way, but went out after it. The individual that hesitated in the [7] _________ search for food, or that was
EXIST CHARACTER RECOGNISE CEREMONIOUS DEPEND ORDINARY RIGID ZEAL CONSERVE ROUND
[24]instrument that interprets and stores the data collected by the sense organs, became [10] _________ complex.
VI. Fill in each gap with the most suitable phrase or sentence provided. Some of the suggested answers do not fit at all. [5pts]
WELLS AMI BENNETT
During their lifetimes, H.G Wells and Arnold Bennett achieved a public fame of a kind that has been accorded to [1] ... before or since. They would not have had it if [2] ..., and yet the nature of the fame [3] ... as such. It was essentially that of the journalist, the popular pundit [4] ... with complete self - assurance. With Shaw, [5] ... was also a product of journalism, they divided between them the empire of the press, [6] ...
All that [7] ... as novelists. Both were men [8] ... in fiction, to say nothing of their short stories, Wells wrote nearly fifty novels, Bennett thirty. Of these, perhaps ten of Wells’s are still valuable [9] ... if the best of the scientific romances are included, and, [10] ..., five of Bennett’s.
A. they had not been novelists in the first place
B. prepared to pronounce on any subject under the sun C. the most highly paid writers in the Anglo-Saxon world D. has nothing to do with their merit
E. more certainly F. in their own right G. of vast output
H. if they had wanted to I. is generally acknowledged J. whose popular reputation
[25]L. was undeniably
M. no other English novelist
PART IV: READING [30 pts]
I. Read the text below and choose the best answer to fill in each gap. [7.5 pts] English dominates the world of business and is now gradually becoming the language of politics. People all over the world are benefiting from the spread of English, which is becoming independent of its origins. However, the dominance of English has produced a number of [1] _______ effects. One significant after- math has been the fostering of national antagonisms. A phenomenon like [2] _______ is observable in CanadA. and particularly in Quebec. Its [3] _______ have long faced the competition between the English and French languages, as bilingualism promoted by the government of Canada proved to be an [4] _______ fail- are. Not. only has it failed to unite the [5] _______ of French- and English- speaking settlers, but it also entailed a great [6] _______ of prejudice and aggression [7] _______ outsiders. The English language flooded the majority of Canadian provinces, [8] _______ producing a minority complex, which French Canadians have long struggled to [9] _______. The impact of the English language on human relations differs in [10] _______ countries, where it is viewed either as a useful product of modern civilisation, or as a “killer” language, which endangers cultural uniqueness of the societies it enters. [11] _______, the final result of its expansion and integration [12] _______ the national life of its non-native speakers is yet [13] _______ seen and we will have wait [14] _______ more years to see the precise result of these [15] _______.
1. A. hostile B. adverse C. reverse D. contrary
[26]6. A. much B. many C. deal D. number
7. A. towards B. for C. to D. up to
8. A. since B. despite C. almost D. thus
9. A. overthrow B. overtake C. overcome D. overturn
10. A. particular B. specific C. many D. special
11. A. In contrast B. Yet C. Although D. Therefore
12. A. within B. of C. to D. into
13. A. being B. to have been C. to be D. already
14. A. no B. one C. some D. a few
15. A. changes B. differences C. alternatives D. options II. Read the text and fill in each gap with one suitable word. [7.5 pts]
Throughout the ages, the [1] ... of the earth has been built up in some places and worn down in other places. The wearing down of the land is called erosion.
Wind, water, air, ice and heat all help to [2] ... erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often picks up small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike [3] ... solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. Later, the wind may pick up these new rock particles, and with them wear away other rocks. In this way even very [4] ... ... rocks are worn away by the wind.
When articles of rock or soil become [5]…...…. in any way, running water carries them down the hillsides. Some rock and soil particles are carried into streams. The streams may then carry them into the [6] ...
Land that is coveredwith trees, grass and other plants wears [7]...…very slowly, and so [8] ...very little of its soil. The roots of plants help to hold the rocks and soil in place. When rain falls in a forest, the leaves of the trees and the soft soil beneath them are able to hold a great deal of water. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than does water that falls on [9] .... ... .... ground. Water that flows slowly carries fewer soil [10] …...…. than water that flows rapidly. Thus, forests and grasslands help to slow down erosion.
[27]Even [11] ... the land is thickly covered with plants, some erosion goes on. Sometimes there is a long period of rainy weather. In Spring the [12] ... snow turns to large quantities of water. At these times the soil cannot [13] ... all the water. It then runs down hill in streams. As the streams carry away some of the soil, the stream [14] ... gets deeper and deeper. After thousands of years of such [15] ..., wide valleys are often formed.
III. Read the following passage then choose the best answer to the questions. [5 pts]
WARNING ON GLOBAL WARMING
Global warming could cause drought and possibly famine in China, the source of much of Hong Kong’s food, by 2050, a new report predicts. Hong Kong could also be at risk from flooding as sea levels rose. The report recommends building sea-walls around low-lying areas such as the new port and airport reclamations. Published by the World Wide Fund for Nature [WWF], the report, which includes work by members of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, uses the most recent projections on climate change to point to a gloomy outlook for China.
By 2050 about 30 to 40 per cent of the country will experience changes in the type of vegetation it supports, with tropical and subtropical forest conditions shifting northward and hot desert conditions rising in the west where currently the desert is temperate. Crop growing areas will expand but any benefit is expected to be negated by increased evaporation of moisture, making it too dry to grow crops such as rice. The growing season also is expected to alter, becoming shorter in southern and central China, the mainland’s breadbasket. The rapid changes make it unlikely that plants could adapt.
[28]population — particularly if it grows - and the diminished productivity of the land. “It looks very difficult for the world as a whole,” he said.
Global warming is caused by the burning of large amounts of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, which release gases that trap heat in the atmosphere. World temperatures already have increased this century by about 6 degrees Celsius and are projected to rise by between 1.6 degrees and 3.8 degrees by 2100.
Dr. Leemans said China’s reliance on coal-fired power for its industrial growth did not bode well for the world climate. “I think the political and economic powers in China are much greater than the environmental powers, and [greenhouse gas emissions] could accelerate,” Dr. Leemans said. “China is not taking the problem seriously yet, although it is trying to incorporate this kind of research to see what is going to happen.”
The climate change report, which will be released tomorrow, focuses on China but Mr David Melville of WWF-Hong Kong said some of the depressing scenarios could apply to the territory. Food supplies, for instance, could be affected by lower crop yields. “Maybe we could afford to import food from elsewhere but you have to keep in mind that the type of changes experienced in southern China will take place elsewhere as well,” he said. Sea levels could rise as glaciers melted and the higher temperatures expanded the size of the oceans, threatening much of developed Hong Kong which is built on reclaimed land. Current projections are that sea levels worldwide will rise by 15 to 90 centimetres by 2100, depending on whether action is taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
“Hong Kong has substantial areas built on reclaimed land and sea level rises could impact on that, not only on Chek Lap Kok but the West Kowloon Reclamation and the Central and Western Reclamation - the whole lot,” Mr Melville said, adding that sea-walls would be needed. Depleted fresh water supplies would be another problem because increased evaporation would reduce levels. Mr Melville said the general outlook could be helped if Hong Kong used
[29]water less wastefully and encouraged energy efficiency to reduce fuel-burning. He also called on the West to help China improve its efficiency.
1. Overall, what sort of picture is painted of the future effects of global warming? A. disastrous
B.potentially disastrous C.relatively optimistic
D. on balance things are going to be satisfactory 2. What is this passage?
A. a report
B.a preview of a report
C.an article describing a response to a report D. an article previewing a report
3. Mr David Melville suggests that in future more food could be imported into Hong Kong. He thinks these measures could be _______.
A. efficient B. sufficient C. insufficient D. inefficient 4. The main point of paragraph 3 is to describe _______.
A. effects of changes in the climate of China on food production B.future changes in the climate of China
C.effects of changes in the climate of China on the growing season D. projected future changes in the climate of China
5. The main point of paragraph 5 is to describe _______. A. global warming
B.the effects of global warming
B. because, although they are not part of the original quote, the additional information given is necessary to understand the statement.
C. because the writer is quoting from another source.
D. because the writer wants to emphasize the meaning of these words. 7. In paragraph 7, which point is Mr Melville NOT making?
A. suggesting that there is a potential disaster in Hong Kong B. suggesting that reclamation areas are at risk
C. criticising current safeguards D. making a call for action
8. How would you describe the Dr. Leeman’s attitude towards China?
A. mainly favourable B. critical C. supportive in theory D. admiring
9. In paragraph 2 “negated” is closest in meaning to _______.
A. made possible B. made ineffective C. reduced D. paid for 10. In paragraph 7 “depleted” could be replaced by which of the following?
A. reduced B. poor C. decaying D. decimated
IV. Read the text below and do the tasks that follow. [10 pts] Climate change and the Inuit
The threat posed by climate change in the Arctic and the problems faced by Canada's Inuit people
A Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit families going off on snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut off from home by a sea of mud, following early thaws. There are reports of igloos losing their insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining into the sea as permafrost melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual, carrying seals beyond the reach of hunters. Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea to most of us, but in the Arctic it is already having dramatic effects - if summertime ice continues to shrink at its present rate, the Arctic Ocean could soon become virtually ice-free in summer. The knock-on effects are likely to
[31]include more warming, cloudier skies, increased precipitation and higher sea levels. Scientists are increasingly keen to find out what's going on because they consider the Arctic the 'canary in the mine' for global warming - a warning of what's in store for the rest of the world.
B For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in precarious balance with one of the toughest environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a direct threat to their way of life. Nobody knows the Arctic as well as the locals, which is why they are not content simply to stand back and let outside experts tell them what's happening. In Canada, where the Inuit people are jealously guarding their hard-won autonomy in the country's newest territory, Nunavut, they believe their best hope of survival in this changing environment lies in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best of modern science. This is a challenge in itself. C The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that's covered with snow for most of the year. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature offers meagre pickings. Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea mammals and fish. The environment tested them to the limits: sometimes the colonists were successful, sometimes they failed and vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people moved in from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery and iron tools. They are the ancestors of today's Inuit people.
D Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometres of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. It's currently home to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them
[32]most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around £7,000 a year to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. Economic opportunities are scarce, and for many people state benefits are their onlyincome. E While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climate change, there has certainly been an impact on people's health. Obesity, heart disease and diabetes are beginning to appear in a people for whom these have never before been problems. There has been a crisis of identity as the traditional skills of hunting, trapping and preparing skins have begun to disappear. In Nunavut's 'igloo and email' society, where adults who were born in igloos have children who may never have been out on the land, there's a high incidence of depression.
F With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the mysteries of climate change in the Arctic. Having survived there for centuries, they believe their wealth of traditional knowledge is vital to the task. And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as 'Inuit Qaujimajatugangit', or IQ. 'In the early days scientists ignored us when they came up here to study anything. They just figured these people don't know very much so we won't ask them,' says John Amagoalik, an Inuit leader and politician. 'But in recent years IQ has had much more credibility and weight.' In fact it is now a requirement for anyone hoping to get permission to do research that they consult the communities, who are helping to set the research agenda to reflect their most important concerns. They can turn down applications from scientists they believe will work against their interests, or research projects that will impinge too much on their daily lives and traditional activities.
G Some scientists doubt the value of traditional knowledge because the occupation of the Arctic doesn't go back far enough. Others, however, point out that the first weather stations in the far north date back just 50 years. There are still huge gaps in our environmental knowledge, and despite the scientific onslaught,
[33]many predictions are no more than best guesses. IQ could help to bridge the gap and resolve the tremendous uncertainty about how much of what we're seeing is natural capriciousness and how much is the consequence of human activity.
1. Choose the corect heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings below.
List of Headings
i The reaction of the Inut community of climate change ii understanding of climate change remains limited iii Respect for Inuit opinion grows
v A healthier choice of food vi A difficult landscape
vii Negative effects on well-being
viii Alarm caused by unprecedented events in th Arctic ix The benefits of an easier existence
Example Answer Paragraph A viii 1. Paragraph B 2. Paragraph C 3. Paragraph D 4. Paragraph E 5. Paragraph F 6. Paragraph G
2. Complete the summary of paragraphs C and D below.
[34]impossible for the people to engage in [7] ...as a means of supporting themselves. For thousands of years they have had to rely on catching [8] ...and fish as a means of sustenance. The harsh surroundings saw many who tried to settle there pushed to their limits, although some were successful. The [9] ...people were an example of the latter and for them the environment did not prove [6]
unmanageable. For the present inhabitants, life continues to be a struggle. The territory of Nunavut consists of little more than ice, rock and a
few [10] ... In recent years, many of them have been obliged to give up their nomadic lifestyle, but they continue to depend mainly on nature their food and clothes. imported produce is particularly expensive.
PART V: WRITING [20 pts]
I. Rewrite the following sentences, using the words in the bracket or beginning as shown. The second sentence must be as close as possible in meaning to the first. [5 pts]
1. Interrupting when someone is speaking is rude. [CUT] - It’s rude ……….when someone is speaking.
2. They had to dismantle their vehicles to get them across the gorge. [PIECES] ...
3. I’m interested in finding out something about fire-fighting. [GIVE] ...
4. My father is going to be really angry when he finds out that I’ve lost the car key. [WALL]
... 5. The Conservative Party won the election that year. [POWER] ... 6. My brother’s not feeling terribly well these days.
[35]7. Her success went beyond her expectation.
Never ... 8. I wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Karen had changed her job. - It came ... 9. Just thinking about his face at that moment makes me laugh. The very ...
10. He had just begun his speech when there was a noise of breaking glass. - He was on …. ...
II. Write a paragraph [about 150 words]: [15pts] Do you agree with the following statement :
“Mobile phones are of great use. Therefore students should be allowed to use them at school.”
- THE END -
ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI VÙNG DUYÊN HẢI – ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ Năm 2014 Môn: Tiếng Anh – Lớp 10 PART I: LISTENING [15 pts] PART 1. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C PART 2.
1. Green Street 2. 7434 3. 1976 4. 06634982746 5. [an addressed] letter
[36]9. Free
10. $6 [$ 60 deposit]
PART II: PHONETICS [5pts] I. Pronunciation: 5pts
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A
II. Stress: 5pts
1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D
PART III: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR [30 pts] I. Verb form 5. : 10pts 1. C 6.A 11.B 16.D 2. D 7.B 12.B 17.A 3. B 8.B 13.A 18.C 4.C 9.D 14.D 19.C 5.A 10.D 15.C 20.A
II. Mistake Identification: 5pts
1 No Not 2 which where
3 most more 4 the others others
5 today today’s 6 or and
7 as like 8 another other
9 much many 10 well-cook well-cooked
III. Prepositions: 5pts
1. to 6. across 11. apart 16. off
2. behind 7. down 12. away with 17. back
3. through 8. by 13. away 18. to
4. among 9. in 14. through 19. out
[37]IV. Verb form: [5 pts]
1. didn’t expect - are you doing 2. happens - will meet
3. was paying - tried 4. needn’t have bought 5. could have avoided 6. had been stolen 7. must have waited 8. had been running
9. should have been wearing 10. being made
11. founded
12. to have been given 13. being
14. must be looking 15. should have prepared 16. hadn’t left
17. are
V. Word form.
1. characteristic 2. recognisable 3. unceremoniously 4. independent 5. extraordinary 6. rigidity 7. zealous 8. conservative 9. surrounding 10. increasingly
VI. Fill in each gap with the most suitable phrase or sentence provided. 1. M 2. A 3. K 4. B 5. J 6. C 7. D 8. G 9. F 10. E
[38]1. B 6.C 11.B
2. A 7.A 12.D
3. C 8.D 13.C
4.B 9.C 14.D
5.D 10.A 15.A
II. Read the text and fill in each gap with one suitable word. [7.5 pts]
1. surface 6.ocean 11.where
2. cause 7.away 12.melting
3. against 8.loses 13.hold
4.hard 9. bare 14.beds
5.loosened 10. particles 15.erosion
III. Read the following passage then choose the best answer to the questions. [5 pts]
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. D
6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A
IV. Read the text below and do the tasks that follow. [10 pts]
1. Choose the corect heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings. 1. Paragraph B i 2. Paragraph C vi 3. Paragraph D iii 4. Paragraph E vii 5. Paragraph F iv 6. Paragraph G ii
2. Complete the summary of paragraphsCandD.
[39]
PART V: WRITING [20 pts]
I. Rewrite the following sentences, using the words in the bracket or beginning as shown. The second sentence must be as close as possible in meaning to the first. [5 pts]
1. Interrupting when someone is speaking is rude. [CUT] It’s rude to cut in when someone is speaking.
2. They had to dismantle their vehicles to get them across the gorge. [PIECES] They had to takes their vehicles to pieces to get them across the gorge.
3. I’m interested in finding out something about fire-fighting. [GIVE] Can you give me some advice on fire-fighting?
4. My father is going to be really angry when he finds out that I’ve lost the car key. [WALL]
My father is going to go up the wall when he finds out that I’ve lost the car key. 5. The Conservative Party won the election that year. [POWER]
The Conservative Party came into/to power that year. 6. My brother’s not feeling terribly well these days. My brother is feeling a bit under the weather these days. 7. Her success went beyond her expectation.
Never did she expect her success.
8. I wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Karen had changed her job. It came as no surprise to me to hear that Karen had changed her job. 9. Just thinking about his face at that moment makes me laugh. The very thought of his face at that moment makes me laugh.
10. He had just begun his speech when there was a noise of breaking glass.
[40]“Music is a bridge between cultures.’ Marking scheme
1. Content: 50% of total mark: a provision of all main ideas and details as
appropriate
2. Language: 30% of total mark: a variety of vocabulary and structures
appropriate to the level of English language gifted upper-secondary school students
3. Presentation: 20% of total mark: coherence, cohesion, and style appropriate to
[41]Dưới đây là bản gốc phần:
PART IV: READING COMPREHENSION [30 pts]
IV. Read the text below and do the tasks that follow. [10 pts]
Nguồn trích dẫn: CAMBRIDGE IELTS 6_TEST 1_READING PASSAGE 3
Questions 27-32
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 145.
Reading Passage 145 has seven paragraphs, A-G.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings below.. Write the correct number i-ix, in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
i The reaction of the Inuit community to climate change ii Understanding of climate change remains limited iii Alternative sources of essential supplies
iv Respect for Inuit opinion grows v A healthier choice of food vi A difficult landscape
vii Negative effects on well-being
viii Alarm caused by unprecedented events in the Arctic ix The benefits of an easier existence
[42]27 Paragraph B 28 Paragraph C 29 Paragraph D 30 Paragraph E 31 Paragraph F 32 Paragraph G
Climate change and the Inuit
The threat posed by climate change in the Arctic and the problems faced by Canada's Inuit people
A Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit families going off on snowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut off from home by a sea of mud, following early thaws. There are reports of igloos losing their insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining into the sea as permafrost melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual, carrying seals beyond the reach of hunters. Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea to most of us, but in the Arctic it is already having dramatic effects - if summertime ice continues to shrink at its present rate, the Arctic Ocean could soon become virtually ice-free in summer. The knock-on effects are likely to include more warming, cloudier skies, increased precipitation and higher sea levels. Scientists are increasingly keen to find out what's going on because they consider the Arctic the 'canary in the mine' for global warming - a warning of what's in store for the rest of the world.
B For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in precarious balance with one of the toughest environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a