If the current date is 2022-02-10, what value is returned by the function that follows?
PrestoDB supports ANSI SQL and includes support for several SQL dialects, so it’s straightforward to convert a date string to date format and vice-versa in various formats. Below we’ll discuss how to handle Presto date functions. If you have ISO 8601 format dates or timestamps like “2020-09-16 14:27:00” it’s very straightforward – use the date() function. Let’s test a Presto insert: An alternative is to use the Presto cast(x as date) – it’s exactly the same: presto:default> select CAST(s1 AS date) as myDate from datetest1; myDate ------------ 2020-09-16 Another alternative is to use the from_iso8601_date() function: presto:default> select from_iso8601_date(s1) as myDate from datetest1; myDate ------------ 2020-09-16 >> Looking for an easy way to get up and running with Presto? Take a look at Ahana Cloud. << Ok but what if my dates are not ISO 8601? Like “16/09/2020” which is common in Europe and APAC? Let’s set-up some string-based test data again: presto:default> create table datetest2 (s1 varchar); CREATE TABLE presto:default> insert into datetest2 values ('16/09/2020'); INSERT: 1 row Did you know PrestoDB supports MySQL dialect? Let’s convert our string to a timestamp using the MySQL date_parse() function, which returns a timestamp type: presto:default> select date_parse(s1, '%d/%c/%Y') as myTimestamp from datetest2; myTimestamp ------------------------- 2020-09-16 00:00:00.000 That works. And if we want that as a date instead of a timestamp, no problem just cast it: presto:default> select cast(date_parse(s1, '%d/%c/%Y') as date) as myDate from datetest2; myDate ------------ 2020-09-16 Date_parse() is powerful: For example you can use %c for non zero-padded month numbers, %e for non zero-padded days of the month, and it can handle two or four digit years. If your separators are “.” instead of “/” it can handle that. And if you have timestamps with “AM” or “PM” present then its ‘%p’ specifier can handle that too. So that’s how you convert date string to date format! If you’re looking for a more comprehensive dive into operating Presto, download our free ebook: Learning and Operating Presto Want more Presto tips & tricks in your inbox? Sign up for our Presto community newsletter. Common Questions/Errors: Why am I getting the following error: ‘>’ cannot be applied to date, varchar (10) Answer: You are trying to compare a string literal in your query to a date type in your schema. The operator in the error can be any operator >,=,<,>=,<=. To fix that, you need to cast the string to a date type or use a function to parse the string to date. Example error: Example solution:
How do I convert string with timestamp to a date? Answer: You are trying to accurately convert a string of the format such as ‘2021-05-13T19:02:57.415006+01:00’ to date and use it in your query for comparison. You need to parse the string using either Example problem: Need to convert the following timestamp to date: ‘2021-05-13T19:02:57.415006+01:00’ Example solution:
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datetime in Python – Simplified Guide with Clear Examples. Photo by Sergio. Content
1. Introduction to datetimeThe
If you have to learn only one thing about handling dates in
Each these classes have its own purpose. We’ll cover all of these in this post and about a more advanced parser (not in `datetime`) to help parse any date. 2. How to get the current date and the time in PythonThe
The output is a nice
It returns a
We will see how to format datetime to many more formats shortly. 3. How to create the datetime objectWe saw how to create the
You can also create a
You can convert the
4. How to parse a string to datetime in python?The above method requires you to manually key in the year, month etc to create a datetime object. But, it not convenient when working with datasets or spreadsheet columns containing date strings. We need way to automatically parse a given date string, in whatever format, to a
datetime object. Why is this needed? Because, datasets containing dates are often imported as strings. Secondly, the date can be in any arbitrary date string format, like, ‘2010 Jan 31’ or ‘January 31, 2010′ or even ’31-01-2010’. So, How to convert a date string to a `datetime`? The
Get Free Complete Python CourseFacing the same situation like everyone else? Build your data science career with a globally recognised, industry-approved qualification. Get the mindset, the confidence and the skills that make Data Scientist so valuable. Get Free Complete Python CourseBuild your data science career with a globally recognised, industry-approved qualification. Get the mindset, the confidence and the skills that make Data Scientist so valuable. 5. Example 1 – Parsing a date string to datetimeParse the following date string to a
You can convert any datetime object to nearly any representation of date format using its 6. How to format the datetime object into any date format?You can convert any datetime object to nearly any representation of date format using its
7. Example 2 – Formatting a datetime objectParse the following datetime object to the following representation: ’31 January, 2001, Wednesday’
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8. Useful datetime functionsThe datetime object contains a number of useful date-time related methods.
9. When and how to use the datetime.time() class?The
10. When and how to use the datetime.timedelta() class?‘TimeDeltas’ represent a period of time that a particular time instance. You can think of them simply as the difference between two dates or times. It is normally used to add or remove a certain duration of time from
Now I have a `timedelta` object that represents a duration of 30 days. Let’s compute the date will be 30 days from now.
Likewise, you can subtract timedeltas as well. Another convenience with timedeltas is you can create arbitrary combination of time durations represented with days, weeks, hours etc. It will simplify that combination
If you subtract two datetime objects you will get a timedelta object that represent the duration.
Likewise, you can subtract two time deltas to get another timedelta object.
11. How to work with timezones?For time zones, python recommends
UTC was a direct attribute of the
You can know that by converting to respective target timezone.
12. Practice ExamplesRules for the challenges:
Exercise 1: How to parse date strings to datetime format?Parse the following date strings to datetime format (easy)
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Exercise 2: How many days has it been since you were born?How many days has it been since you were born? (easy)
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Exercise 3: How to count the number of saturdays between two dates?Count the number of saturdays between two dates (medium)
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Exercise 4: How many days is it until your next birthday this year?How many days is it until your next birthday this year? (easy)
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Exercise 5: How to count the number of days between successive days in an irregular sequence?Count the number of days between successive days in the following list. (medium)
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Exercise 6: How to convert number of days to seconds?Convert the number of days till your next birthday to seconds (easy)
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Exercise 7: How to convert a given date to a datetime set at the beginning of the day?Convert a given date to a datetime set at the beginning of the day (easy)
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Exercise 8: How to get the last day of the month for any given date in python?Get the last day of the month for the below given date in python (easy)
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Exercise 9: How many Sundays does the month of February 1948 have?Count the Sundays does the month of February 1948 have? (medium) Show Solution
Exercise 10: How to format a given date to “mmm-dd, YYYY” fortmat?Format a given date to “mmm-dd, YYYY” fortmat? (easy)
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Exercise 11: How to convert datetime to Year-Qtr format?Convert the below datetime to Year-Qtr format? (easy)
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Exercise 12: How to convert unix timestamp to a readable date?Convert the below unix timestamp to a readable date (medium)
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Exercise 13: How to get the time in a different timezone?If it is ‘2001-01-31::3:30:0’ in ‘Asia/Tokyo’. What time is it in ‘Asia/Kolkata’? (medium)
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Exercise 14: How to fill up missing dates in a given irregular sequence of dates?Fill up missing dates in a given irregular sequence of dates? (hard)
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10. ConclusionHow many were you able to solve? Congratulations if you were able to solve 7 or more. We covered nearly everything you will need to work with dates in python. Let me know if I have missed anything. Or if you have better answers or have more questions, please write in the comments area below. See you in the next one! What does new date () return?Return value
Calling the Date() function (without the new keyword) returns a string representation of the current date and time, exactly as new Date().toString() does.
What returns the current system date as a value?Returns a Variant (Date) containing the current system date. To set the system date, use the Date statement.
How do you convert a date to a function?How to get different date formats in SQL Server. Use the SELECT statement with CONVERT function and date format option for the date values needed.. To get YYYY-MM-DD use this T-SQL syntax SELECT CONVERT(varchar, getdate(), 23). To get MM/DD/YY use this T-SQL syntax SELECT CONVERT(varchar, getdate(), 1). Which function returns the date part of the date expression?Table 12.11 Date and Time Functions. |