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News & Events

News & Events

• ITI Details Recommendations to Enhance EU Innovation for Incoming Belgian Council Presidency ITI Honors Five Technology Leaders In Its Annual Industry Awards Program ITI: Stakeholder Collaboration is Crucial to Improve CISA’s Software Self-Attestation Form
• Download on Tech: Intel VP Discusses the Global AI Landscape Amid AI Policy Developments Furthering AI Leadership Through U.S. National AI Safety Institute ITI Statement on Passage of FY24 NDAA
• 2023 Global Space Summit Convenes Leading Experts to Discuss Space Innovation Policy ITI to Treasury: Continued U.S. Engagement is Critical to Resolving Outstanding International Tax Issues, Reaching a Meaningful ... ITI to White House: U.S. Government Must Leverage Commercial AI and Adopt Standards-Based Approaches Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. Question 1: A. cooked
• danced
• laughed
• informed Mark the letter A, B, C, three in the position Question 2: A. cat Question 3: A. correct or D on your answer of primary stress in each
• B. hat
• B. provide

sheet to indicate the word

• C. man

of the following questions.

• C. produce
• D. cake

that differs from the other

• D. finish

Mark the letter A, B, C,

Question 4: A. beautiful

following questions.

Question 5: You knew his

or D on your answer

name and his

• B. creative

sheet to indicate the

address, ______?

• C. national
• D. politic

correct answer to each of the

1. haven’t you

1. didn’t you

1. wasn’t you

1. aren’t you

Question 6: The staff ______

by the company to watch a safety video every year.

1. are required

1. require

1. are requiring

1. required

Question 7: Toxic chemicals in air, water and land have also driven many species ______the verge of extinction.

1. of

1. about C. at Question 8: ______ you plan, the better the result will be. A. The most carefully B. The carefully

1. The more carefully

• Question 9: Julia looks nice with ______ hair. A. beautiful long blonde B. beautiful blonde long

1. long beautiful blonde

1. blonde long beautiful

Question 10: George ______

a shower when someone suddenly knocked at the door.

1. to

1. Carefully

Question 11: People should wear facial mask_______

• A. takes B. is taking

viruses.

1. took D. was taking it helps to protect ourselves from harmful

• A. though
• because
• despite
• because of

Question 12: I will call you and we will go out for dinner _______.

1. as soon as I have finishedmy report

1. when I finished my report

1. after I had finished my report

1. while I was finishing my report

Question 13: ______ together on the project for years, the team members become close with each other.

• A. Being worked
• B. To work
• C. Having worked D. Worked Question 14: Everyone helped during the flood sent many ______ to a charity group.
• A. thanks
• B. thankful

1. thankfully Question 15: The child really ________his father even the smallest actions.

1. takes after

• B. looks after

1. goes off

1. thanking

1. sits for

• Question 16: They ______ends meet when they were young even they had to work hard.

1. came B. made C. did Question 17: The criminal was sentenced to death because of the _______ of his crime.

1. had

• A. severity B. complexity C. punishment D. importance Question 18: New technology is seen as a_____ issue for the next five years and every school will benefit in some way.

A. marginal B. central

C. peripheral

D. crucial

• Question 19: English is an obligatory subject from sixth grade across Vietnam, but in large cities, many primary schools demand high _________.
• B. competency

1. capacity D. ability Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word[s]or phrase[s]CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

• C. experience

Question 20: When I was going shopping yesterday, I accidentally met one of my old friends in high school.

1. repeatedly

1. regularly

1. unexpectedly D. rarely

Question 21: The teacher gave some suggestions on what could come out for the examination.

1. effects

1. hints

1. demonstrations D. symptoms

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word[s]OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word[s]in each of the following questions.

Question 22: On Saturday wearing uniforms is optional so I often choose T-shirt and shorts.

1. compulsory B. voluntary C. uncomfortable Question 23: I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry.

1. acceptable

• A. successful

1. hopeful C. hopeless D. unsuccessful Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Question 24: "Where's Loan?"

• - " ______ "
• A. She is in her room studying
• C. It’s her pleasure
• B. She finds it difficult
• D. She has studied hard recently

Question 25: Sue and Mira are talking about the use of mobile phones in class.

• - Sue: “Students should not be allowed to use mobile phones in class. ”
• - Mira: “______. This distracts them from studying. ”
• A. Not really
• C. I’m of the opposite opinion
• B. No way! It’s useful
• D. I quite agree

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.

Global Warming and You

How is global warming affecting you? Many people in the world would not know how to answer this question as they do not see any sort of change in climate. The people ___[26]____ do not notice it tend to live in cities where the climates are already controlled; in essence, they mostly live indoors. If it is raining, they stay inside. If it is too cold or too hot, they turn on the heat or their air conditioning ___[27]___.

For farmers and others who live closer to the land; ____[28]___, global warming is not something they are separated from. Although they cannot prove on any given day that the weather, extreme or mild, has anything to do with climate change, they can say over time that things are beginning to seem different. They notice that flowers and ___[29]___ plants are blooming earlier in northern regions of the world’s continents. This ___[30]___ them to change planting times for crops in some cases. Meanwhile, farmers are facing more floods and droughts in our country and elsewhere.

Question 26: A. when

1. who

1. where

1. which

Question 27: A. respectively

1. relatively

1. independently

1. successively

Question 28: A. therefore

1. moreover

1. however

1. because

Question 29: A. every

1. other

1. another

1. one

Question 30: A. does

1. makes

1. causes

1. takes

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.

People have defined ‘skyscraper’ in a number of ways over the years: an ornament on the top of a building, a high-flying bird, a very tall man and a sail at the top of a mast. At the end of the nineteenth century, the word was used to refer to buildings of ten storeys or more. Later, a lift was used to take people up to the higher floors, as in the most famous skyscraper, the Empire State Building. During the middle ages, the people living in the cities of northern Europe began to build great cathedrals.Tall spires were added to make these churches higher and bring them closer to heaven.

In the nineteenth century, as cities grew more crowded with people looking for work, the value of land rocketed. New businesses were starting and in order to make room for offices on a small plot of land, it was necessary to build higher. But the problem was that to put up a stone building of such height, the walls on the ground floor would have to be more than two metres thick to hold the weight of the building. So another material was required to make skyscrapers possible.

About this time, three buildings were put up that used iron or steel to support great weight with safety. They were the Crystal Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Brooklyn Bridge in New York. From then on, architects started to experiment with buildings that had steel frames and they have made huge progress. Today, the tallest skyscrapers are a hundred storeys or more, compared to the first ten storeys skyscrapers, which seem tiny.

Question 31: What is the passage mainly about?

• A. Why skyscrapers were needed.
• B. The most famous skyscrapers in the world today.
• C. The people who designed skyscrapers.
• D. Problems during construction of skyscrapers. Question 32: In the middle ages, people built tall churches because
• A. they were more beautiful B. they felt like
• C. they took in more people D. they started to build Question 33: The word "rocketed" in paragraph 2 mostly means ________ .
• A. rose B. dropped C. fluctuated Question 34: The word "they" in the last paragraph refers to ________ .
• B. architects C. frames

________ .

approaching God

great cathedrals

• D. drew
• D. skyscrapers

1. buildings Question 35: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

• A. Taller buildings were necessary because land was expensive.
• B. The problem with making a tall building with stone was its weight.
• C. Skyscrapers were needed as houses for the poor.
• D. In the past, the word ‘skyscraper’ had different meanings.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Scientists have identified two ways in which species disappear. The first is through ordinary or “background” extinctions, where species that fail to adapt are slowly replaced by more adaptable life forms. The second is when large numbers of species go to the wall in relatively short periods of biological time. There have been five such extinctions, each provoked by cataclysmic evolutionary events caused by some geological eruption, climate shift, or space junk slamming into the Earth. Scientists now believe that another mass extinction of species is currently under way – and this time human fingerprints are on the trigger.

How are we are doing it? Simply by demanding more and more space for ourselves. In our assault on the ecosystems around us we have used a number of tools, from spear and gun to bulldozer and chainsaw. Certain especially rich ecosystems have proved the most vulnerable. In Hawaii more than half of the native birds are now gone – some 50 species. Such carnage has taken place all across the island communities of the Pacific and Indian oceans. While many species were hunted to extinction, others simply succumbed to the „introduced predators’ that humans brought with them: the cat, the dog, the pig, and the rat.

Today the tempo of extinction is picking up speed. Hunting is no longer the major culprit, although rare birds and animals continue to be butchered for their skin, feathers, tusks, and internal organs, or taken as savage pets. Today the main threat comes from the destruction of the habitat of wild plants, animals, and insects need to survive. The draining and damming of wetland and river courses threatens the aquatic food chain and our own seafood industry. Overfishing and the destruction of fragile coral reefs destroy ocean biodiversity. Deforestation is taking a staggering toll, particularly in the tropics where the most global biodiversity is at risk. The shinking rainforest cover of the Congo and Amazon river basins and such place as Borneo and Madagascar have a wealth of species per hectare existing nowhere else. As those precious hectares are drowned or turned into arid pasture and cropland, such

species disappear forever. [Source: Final Countdown Practice Tests by D.F Piniaris, Heinle Cengage Learning, 2010 ]

Question 36.What does the passage mainly discuss?

• A. Human activity and its impact on a mass extinction of species
• B. The two ways in which species disappear
• C. The tempo of extinction of species today
• D. Deforestation as a major cause of mass extinctions of species
• Question 37.The word assault in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______. B. attack C. effort D. influence
• A. development

Question 38.All of the following are mentioned as a form of habitat destruction EXCEPT ________.

• A. destroying coral reefs B. cutting down forests
• C. damming wetlands and rivers D. hunting rare birds and animals Question 39.What was the main threat to biodiversity in Hawaii and other islands in the Pacific and
• Indian oceans until recently?

1. tools used by human beings

1. human assault on ecosystems

1. vulnerable rich ecosystems

1. hunters and introduced predators

Question 40.The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to _______.

1. species B. oceans

1. predators

1. humans

Question 41.The word butchered in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.

1. raised B. traded

1. cooked

1. killed

• Question 42.It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
• A. the current mass extinction is different from the other five in that it is caused by humans
• B. hunting is the major contributing factor that speeds up the extinction of species
• C. habitat destruction makes a minor contribution to the current mass extinction of species
• D. it’s impossible for scientists to identify the causes of mass extinctions of species
• Question 43: When we were in Canada, we play basketball almost every day.

A B C D

Question 44: If Jane calls, ask for their number so I can call her back.

A B C D

Question 45: The selling manager is an absolutely unforgetful man with a nice smile and

A B C

attractive white teeth always on his face.

D

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 46: The last time she had a swim was five years ago.

• A. She had had a swim five years ago.
• B. She has had a swim for five years.
• C. She hasn’t had a swim for five years.
• D. She was having a swim five years ago.
• Question 47: "Don't cross the road there" she said to the children.
• A. She allowed the children not to cross the road there.
• B. She threatened the children not to cross the road there.
• C. She warned the children not to cross the road there.
• D. She advised the children to cross the road there.
• Question 48: You are not permitted to use your mobile phone during the test.
• A. You should use your mobile phones during the test.
• B. You may use your mobile phone during the test.
• C. You mustn’t your use mobile phones during the test.
• D. You needn’t your use mobile phones during the test.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 49: My laptop is broken. I need it for my online learning.

• A. If my laptop is not broken, I could use it for my online learning.
• B. In case my laptop was not broken, I could use it for my online learning.
• C. If only my laptop had not been broken, I could have used it for my online learning.
• D. I wish my laptop were not broken, I could use it for my online learning.

Question 50.Peter arrived at the fashion show. He then realized that she had left the ticket at home.

• A. Not until Peter arrived at the fashion show did he realize that she had left the ticket at home.
• B. Having realized that he had left the ticket at home, Peter arrived at the fashion show
• C. Had Peter realized that he had left the ticket at home, he wouldn’t arrive at the fashion show.
• D. Only after Peter realized that she had left the ticket at home did he arrive at the fashion show.

GIẢI CHI TIẾT

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 1: A. cooked

1. danced

1. laughed

1. informed

Phát âm đuôi “ed”

Question 2: A. cat

1. hat

1. man

1. cake

Nguyên âm

• A. cat /kæt/ B. hat /hæt/

1. man /mæn/

1. cake /keɪk/

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 3: A. correct

1. provide

1. produce

1. finish

Trọng âm từ có 2 âm tiết

• A. /kə´rekt/

1. /prə'vaid/

1. /prɔ'dju:s/

1. /ˈfɪnɪʃ/

Question 4: A. beautiful

1. creative

1. national

1. politic

Trọng âm từ có 3 âm tiết

• A. /'bju:təful/ B. /kri´eitiv/

1. /'næʃnəl/ D. /'pɔ

litik/

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 5: You knew his name and his address, ______?

• A. haven’t you B. didn’t you C. wasn’t you D. aren’t you

Kiến thức: Câu hỏi đuôi

The film is ==> isn’t it?

Question 6: The staff are required by the company to watch a safety video every year.

• A. are required Câu bị động thì hiện tại đơn

1. require

• C. are requiring
• required

Question 7: Toxic chemicals in air, water and land have also driven many species ______the verge of extinction.

• A. of
• about
• C. at
• to

Kiến thức: Giới từ

Giải thích: drive sth to the verge of: đẩy ….đến bờ, rìa của …. Question 8: ______ you plan, the better the result will be.

1. The most carefully B. The carefully

1. The more carefully

1. Carefully

So sánh kép: The + comparative..., the comparative...

Question 9: Julia looks nice with ______ hair.

• A. beautiful long blonde
• B. beautiful blonde long
• C. long beautiful blonde
• D. blonde long beautiful

Trật tự tính từ OpSAShCOMP Opinion- Size- Age- Shape- Colour- Origin- Material – Purpose beautiful [opinion] long [size] blonde [colour] George ______ a shower when someone suddenly knocked at the door. Question 10:

• A. takes
• is taking
• C. took
• was taking

Thì Quá khứ đơn + quá khứ tiếp diễn George __ đang tắm ___khi ai đó đột ngột gõ cửa.

Question 11: People should wear facial mask_______ it helps to protect ourselves from harmful viruses.

1. though B. because

1. despite

1. because of

Kiến thức: Liên từ Giải thích:

• A. though: mặc dù + Clause [ mệnh đề]
• B. because: bởi vì + Clause [mệnh đề]

1. despite: mặc dù + N/ NP/ V-ing D. because of: bởi vì + N/ NP/ V-ing Sau chỗ trống là 1 mệnh đề: it helps to protect ourselves from harmful viruses Dịch: Mọi người nên đeo mặt nạ bởi vì có giúp họ bảo vệ chính họ từ những virus gây hại Question 12: I will call you and we will go out for dinner _______.

• A. as soon as I have finishedmy report
• B. when I finished my report
• C. after I had finished my report
• D. while I was finishing my report

Kiến thức: Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

Giải thích: Sự kết hợp giữ thì TLĐ – HTHT

Cấu trúc as soon as Mệnh đề trạng ngữ, để diễn tả một hành động mà đã được thực hiện ngay tức thì sau một hành động khác trong tương lai.

Mệnh đề 1

+ as soon as

+ Mệnh đề 2

Thì tương lại đơn

Thì hiện tại đơn/hiện tại hoàn thành

Question 13: ______ together on the project for years, the team members become close with each other. A. Being worked B. To work C. Having worked D. Worked

Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ. Mệnh đề chủ động  Having Vpp/ Ving

Đã cùng nhau thực hiện dự án trong nhiều năm, các thành viên trong nhóm trở nên thân thiết với nhau.

Question 14: Everyone helped during the flood sent many ______ to a charity group.

1. thanks B. thankful

1. thankfully

1. thanking

Kiến thức: Từ loại Giải thích: sau many + N

• A. danh từ
• B. tính từ
• C. trạng từ
• D. V-ing

Question 15: The child really ________his father

• A. takes after B. looks after

even the smallest actions.

• C. goes off

1. sits for

Kiến thức: Cụm động từ

• A. takes after: giống
• B. looks after: chăm sóc
• C. goes off: rung, đổ chuông
• D. sits for: thay cho Dịch: Đứa trẻ thực sự giống với bố nó dù là những chi tiết nhỏ nhất.

Question 16: They ______ends meet when they

• A. came B. made

were young even they had to

• C. did

work hard.

• D. had

Giải thích: Thành ngữ, cấu trúc “make ends meet”: kiếm đủ sống

Question 17: The criminal was sentenced to death

• A. severity B. complexity

because of the _______ of his

• C. punishment

crime.

• D. importance

Tên tội phạm đã bị kết án tử hình vì mức độ nghiêm trọng của tội ác của anh ta

The severity of crime

Question 18: New technology is seen as a_____ issue for the next five years and every school will benefit in some way.

• A. marginal
• B. central
• C. peripheral
• crucial

Sự kết hợp từ theo nghĩa phù hợp : Công nghệ mới được coi là một vấn đề quan trọng trong năm năm tới và mọi trường học sẽ được hưởng lợi theo một cách nào đó

• A. nhỏ, không quan trọng
• B. trung tâm
• C. ngoại vi
• D. quan trọng

Question 19: English is an obligatory subject from sixth grade across Vietnam, but in large cities, many primary schools demand high _________.

• A. capacity
• B. competency
• C. experience
• D. ability

Sự kết hợp từ theo nghĩa phù hợp :Tiếng Anh là một môn học bắt buộc từ lớp sáu trên khắp Việt khả năngNam, nhưng ở các thành phố lớn, nhiều trường tiểu học đòi hỏi cao capacity [n]: sức chứa, dung tích competency [n]: năng lực experience [n]: kinh nghiệm ability [n]: khả năng

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word[s]or phrase[s]CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

Question 20: When I was going shopping yesterday, I accidentally met one of my old friends in high school.

• A. repeatedly
• B. regularly
• C. unexpectedly D. rarely

Từ đồng nghĩa accidentally = unexpectedly: tình cờ, bất ngờ

Khi tôi đang đi mua sắm ngày hôm qua, tôi vô tình gặp một trong những người bạn cũ của tôi ở trường trung học.

• A. liên tục B. thường xuyên C. bất ngờ D. hiếm khi

Question 21: The teacher gave some suggestions on what could come out for the examination. A. effects B. hints C. demonstrations D. symptoms

Từ đồng nghĩa, suggestions = hints: gợi ý

Giáo viên đã đưa ra một số gợi ý về những gì có thể đưa ra cho bài kiểm tra. A. hiệu ứng B. gợi ý C. trình diễn D. triệu chứng

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word[s]OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word[s]in each of the following questions.

Question 22: On Saturday wearing uniforms is optional so I often choose T-shirt and shorts.

• A. compulsory B. voluntary C. uncomfortable D. acceptable Từ trái nghĩa optional # compulsory: không bắt buộc # bắt buộc

Vào thứ bảy, mặc đồng phục là không bắt buộc nên tôi thường chọn áo phông và quần đùi. A. bắt buộc B. tự nguyện C. không thoải mái D. chấp nhận được

Question 23: I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry.

• A. successful B. hopeful C. hopeless D. unsuccessful

Từ trái nghĩa, thành ngữ “home and dry” # successful: thành công # thất bại

Tôi có thể nhìn thấy vạch đích và nghĩ rằng tôi đã thành công.

• A. thành công B. hy vọng C. vô vọng D. không thành công

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Question 24: "Where's Loan?" - "She ______ "

• A. She is in her room studying
• B. She finds it difficult
• C. It’s her pleasure Câu giao tiếp
• D. She has studied hard recently

"Loan đâu?" - "Bà ấy ______ " A. Cô ấy đang ở trong phòng của cô ấy học bài

• - Mira: “______. Điều này làm họ mất tập trung vào việc học. ”

1. Không hẳn

• B. Không thể nào! Nó hữu ích
• C. Tôi có quan điểm ngược lại
• D. Tôi hoàn toàn đồng ý

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.

Global Warming and You

How is global warming affecting you? Many people in the world would not know how to answer this question as they do not see any sort of change in climate. The people ___[26]____ do not notice it tend to live in cities where the climates are already controlled; in essence, they mostly live indoors. If it is raining, they stay inside. If it is too cold or too hot, they turn on the heat or their air conditioning

___[27]___. For farmers and others who live closer to the land; ____[28]___, global warming is not something they are separated from. Although they cannot prove on any given day that the weather, extreme or mild, has anything to do with climate change, they can say over time that things are beginning to seem different. They notice that flowers and ___[29]___ plants are blooming earlier in northern regions of the world’s continents. This ___[30]___ them to change planting times for crops in some cases. Meanwhile, farmers are facing more floods and droughts in our country and elsewhere.

Question 26: A. when B. who

Kiến thức: Đại từ quan hệ

1. where

1. which

• - who: thay cho danh từ chỉ người; đóng vai trò chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
• - which: thay cho danh từ chỉ vật; đóng vai trò chủ ngữ/tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
• - when: thay cho danh từ chỉ thời gian; when + S + V
• - where: thay cho danh từ chỉ nơi chốn; where + S + V Thay thế cho the people nên đại từ quan hệ là who

Question 27: A. respectively B. relatively C. independently

1. successively

• A. respectively [adj]: lần lượt, theo thứ tự
• B. relatively [adj]: tương đối
• C. independently [adj]: 1 cách độc lập
• D. successively [adj]: liên tục, lần lượt If it is too cold or too hot, they turn on the heat or their air conditioning Nếu trời quá lạnh hoặc quá nóng, họ sẽ bật lò sưởi hoặc máy lạnh

___[27]___.

___ [27] ___.

Question 28: A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. because

Kiến thức: Liên từ Tuy nhiên, với nông dân và những người sống gần các vùng đất trồng hơn, sự nóng lên toàn cầu không phải thứ không liên quan đến họ.] Giải thích: For farmers and others who live closer to the land; however, global warming is not something they are separated from. [

Question 29: A. every

1. other

1. another

1. one

Giải thích: other plants [những kế hoạch khác]

Question 30: A. does

1. makes

1. causes

1. takes

Cause sth/sb to V: gây ra Điều này buộc họ phải thay đổi thời điểm trồng cấy vụ mùa trong một số trường hợp.] This causes them to change planting times for crops in some cases. [

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.

People have defined ‘skyscraper’ in a number of ways over the years: an ornament on the top of a building, a high-flying bird, a very tall man and a sail at the top of a mast. At the end of the nineteenth century, the word was used to refer to buildings of ten storeys or more. Later, a lift was used to take people up to the higher floors, as in the most famous skyscraper, the Empire State Building. During the middle ages, the people living in the cities of northern Europe began to build great cathedrals. Tall spires were added to make these churches higher and bring them closer to heaven.

In the nineteenth century, as cities grew more crowded with people looking for work, the value of land rocketed. New businesses were starting and in order to make room for offices on a small plot of land, it was necessary to build higher. But the problem was that to put up a stone building of such height, the walls on the ground floor would have to be more than two metres thick to hold the weight of the building. So another material was required to make skyscrapers possible.

About this time, three buildings were put up that used iron or steel to support great weight with safety. They were the Crystal Palace in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Brooklyn Bridge in New York. From then on, architects started to experiment with buildings that had steel frames and they have made huge progress. Today, the tallest skyscrapers are a hundred storeys or more, compared to the first ten storeys skyscrapers, which seem tiny.

Question 31: What is the passage mainly about?

• A. Why skyscrapers were needed.
• B. The most famous skyscrapers in the world today.
• C. The people who designed skyscrapers.
• D. Problems during construction of skyscrapers.

Ý chính của bài là gì?

• A. Tại sao cần có những tòa nhà chọc trời.
• B. Những tòa nhà chọc trời nổi tiếng nhất thế giới hiện nay.
• C. Những người thiết kế các tòa nhà chọc trời.
• D. Sự cố trong quá trình xây dựng các tòa nhà chọc trời.

Question 32: In the middle ages, people built tall churches because ________ .

• A. they were more beautiful
• they felt like approaching God
• C. they took in more people
• they started to build great cathedrals

Vào thời trung cổ, người ta xây dựng những nhà thờ cao bởi vì ________.

• A. họ đẹp hơn B. họ cảm thấy như đến gần Chúa
• C. họ thu nhận nhiều người hơn D. họ bắt đầu xây dựng những thánh đường lớn

During the middle ages, the people living in the cities of northern Europe began to build great cathedrals. Tall spires were added to make these churches higher and bring them closer to heaven.

Trong thời kỳ trung cổ, những người sống ở các thành phố ở Bắc Âu bắt đầu xây dựng các thánh đường lớn. Những ngọn tháp cao đã được thêm vào để làm cho những nhà thờ này cao hơn và đưa chúng đến gần thiên đường hơn.

Question 33: The word "rocketed" in paragraph 2 mostly means ________ .

1. rose

1. dropped

1. fluctuated

1. drew

Từ "rocketed" trong đoạn 2 chủ yếu có nghĩa là ________.

• A. tăng B. giảm C. dao động D. rút ra

In the nineteenth century, as cities grew more crowded with people looking for work, the value of land rocketed

Vào thế kỷ 19, khi các thành phố ngày càng đông đúc với những người tìm việc làm, giá trị của đất đai đã tăng vọt

Question 34: The word "they" in the last paragraph refers to ________ .

• A. buildings

1. architects

1. Frames

1. skyscrapers

From then on, architects started to experiment with buildings that had steel frames and they have made huge progress

Kể từ đó, các kiến trúc sư bắt đầu thử nghiệm với các tòa nhà có khung thép và họ đã đạt được những tiến bộ vượt bậc

• Question 35: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
• A. Taller buildings were necessary because land was expensive.
• B. The problem with making a tall building with stone was its weight.
• C. Skyscrapers were needed as houses for the poor.
• D. In the past, the word ‘skyscraper’ had different meanings.

Theo đoạn văn, điều nào sau đây KHÔNG đúng?

• A. Các tòa nhà cao hơn là cần thiết vì đất đắt. In the nineteenth century, as cities grew more

crowded with people looking for work, the value of land rocketed

• B. Vấn đề của việc làm một tòa nhà cao bằng đá là trọng lượng của nó.

But the problem was that to put up a stone building of such height, the walls on the ground floor would have to be more than two metres thick to hold the weight of the building.

• C. Những tòa nhà chọc trời cần thiết để làm nhà cho người nghèo.
• D. Trong quá khứ, từ 'nhà chọc trời' có nhiều nghĩa khác nhau.

People have defined ‘skyscraper’ in a number of ways over the years: an ornament on the top of a building, a high-flying bird, a very tall man and a sail at the top of a mast

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Scientists have identified two ways in which species disappear. The first is through ordinary or “background” extinctions, where species that fail to adapt are slowly replaced by more adaptable life forms. The second is when large numbers of species go to the wall in relatively short periods of biological time. There have been five such extinctions, each provoked by cataclysmic evolutionary events caused by some geological eruption, climate shift, or space junk slamming into the Earth. Scientists now believe that another mass extinction of species is currently under way – and this time human fingerprints are on the trigger.

How are we are doing it? Simply by demanding more and more space for ourselves. In our assaulton the ecosystems around us we have used a number of tools, from spear and gun to bulldozer and chainsaw. Certain especially rich ecosystems have proved the most vulnerable. In Hawaii more than half of the native birds are now gone – some 50 species. Such carnage has taken place all across the island communities of the Pacific and Indian oceans. While many species were hunted to extinction, others simply succumbed to the „introduced predators’ that humans brought with them: the cat, the dog, the pig, and the rat.

Today the tempo of extinction is picking up speed. Hunting is no longer the major culprit, although rare birds and animals continue to be butchered for their skin, feathers, tusks, and internal organs, or taken as savage pets. Today the main threat comes from the destruction of the habitat of wild plants, animals, and insects need to survive. The draining and damming of wetland and river courses threatens the aquatic food chain and our own seafood industry. Overfishing and the destruction of fragile coral reefs destroy ocean biodiversity. Deforestation is taking a staggering toll, particularly in the tropics where the most global biodiversity is at risk. The shinking rainforest cover of the Congo and Amazon river basins and such place as Borneo and Madagascar have a wealth of species per hectare existing nowhere else. As those precious hectares are drowned or turned into arid pasture and cropland, such species disappear forever.

[Source: Final Countdown Practice Tests by D. F Piniaris, Heinle Cengage Learning, 2010] Question 36. What does the passage mainly discuss?

• A. Human activity and its impact on a mass extinction of species
• B. The two ways in which species disappear
• C. The tempo of extinction of species today
• D. Deforestation as a major cause of mass extinctions of species

Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận về cái gì?

• A. Hoạt động của con người và tác động của nó đến sự tuyệt chủng hàng loạt của các loài vật
• B. Hai cách mà các loài vật biến mất
• C. Tốc độ tuyệt chủng của các loài vật ngày nay
• D. Phá rừng là nguyên nhân chính dẫn đến sự tuyệt chủng hàng loạt của các loài vật

Thông tin: Scientists have identified two ways in which species disappear. Tạm dịch: Các nhà khoa học đã xác định được hai cách mà các loài vật biến mất. assault Question 37. The word in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.

• A. development
• B. attack
• effort
• influence

Từ “assault” ở đoạn 2 gần nghĩa nhất với _______. assault [n]: sự tấn công, công kích

• A. development [n]: sự phát triển
• B. attack [n]: sự tấn công
• C. effort [n]: sự nỗ lực

1. influence [n]: sự ảnh hưởng => assault = attack

Thông tin: In our assault on the ecosystems around us we have used a number of tools, from spear and gun to bulldozer and chainsaw.

Tạm dịch: Trong cuộc tấn công vào các hệ sinh thái xung quanh chúng ta, chúng ta đã sử dụng một số công cụ, từ giáo và súng cho đến máy ủi và cưa máy.

Question 38. All of the following are mentioned as a form of habitat destruction EXCEPT ________.

• A. destroying coral reefs
• B. cutting down forests
• C. damming wetlands and rivers
• D. hunting rare birds and animals

Tất cả những điều sau đây được đề cập đến như một hình thức hủy hoại môi trường sống NGOẠI TRỪ _____.

• A. việc phá hủy các rạn san hô
• B. việc chặt phá rừng
• C. xây đập ở đầm lầy và sông ngòi
• D. săn bắn các loài chim và động vật quý hiếm

Có thể thấy cả ba phương án A, B và C đều đề cập đến việc phá hủy/ gây tổn hại đến rạn san hô, rừng, đầm lầy và song ngòi vốn là môi trường sống của nhiều loài động vật.

Question 39. What was the main threat to biodiversity in Hawaii and other islands in the Pacific and Indian oceans until recently?

• A. tools used by human beings
• B. human assault on ecosystems
• C. vulnerable rich ecosystems
• D. hunters and introduced predators

Mối đe dọa chính đối với đa dạng sinh học ở Hawaii và các đảo khác ở Thái Bình Dương và Ấn

• Độ Dương cho đến gần đây là gì?
• A. những công cụ được con người sử dụng
• B. cuộc tấn công của loài người vào hệ sinh thái
• C. hệ sinh thái phong phú dễ bị tổn thương
• D. thợ săn và kẻ săn mồi được du nhập

Thông tin: In Hawaii more than half of the native birds are now gone – some 50 species. Such carnage has taken place all across the island communities of the Pacific and Indian oceans. While many species were hunted to extinction, others simply succumbed to the ‘introduced predators’ that humans brought with them: the cat, the dog, the pig, and the rat.

Tạm dịch: Ở Hawaii, hơn một nửa số lượng chim bản địa đã biến mất - khoảng 50 loài. Cuộc tàn sát như vậy đã diễn ra trên khắp các quần đảo của Thái Bình Dương và Ấn Độ Dương. Trong khi nhiều loài bị săn bắn đến tuyệt chủng, những loài khác chỉ đơn giản là bị khuất phục trước “những kẻ săn mồi được du nhập” mà con người mang theo: mèo, chó, lợn và chuột.

Question 40. The word “them”in paragraph 2 refers to _______.

1. species

1. oceans

1. predators

1. humans

Từ “them” trong đoạn 2 đề cập đến

• A. loài vật

_______.

• B. đại dương C. động vật ăn thịt
• D. con người

Thông tin: While many species were hunted to extinction, others simply succumbed to the ‘introduced predators’ that humans brought with them: the cat, the dog, the pig, and the rat.

Tạm dịch: Trong khi nhiều loài bị săn bắn đến tuyệt chủng, những loài khác chỉ đơn giản là bị khuất phục trước “những kẻ săn mồi được du nhập” mà con người mang theo: mèo, chó, lợn và chuột.

Question 41. The word butchered in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.

1. raised B. traded

1. cooked

1. killed

Từ “butchered” ở đoạn 3 gần nghĩa nhất với _______. butchered: bị giết

• A. raised: bị nâng lên
• B. traded: được trao đổi, mua bán
• C. cooked: được nấu
• D. killed: bị giết

\=> butchered = killed

Thông tin: Hunting is no longer the major culprit, although rare birds and animals continue to be butchered for their skin, feathers, tusks, and internal organs, or taken as savage pets.

Tạm dịch: Săn bắn không còn là thủ phạm chính, mặc dù các loài chim và động vật quý hiếm tiếp tục bị giết để lấy da, lông, ngà và các cơ quan nội tạng, hoặc được coi là thú cưng man rợ.

Question 42. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

• A. the current mass extinction is different from the other five in that it is caused by humans
• B. hunting is the major contributing factor that speeds up the extinction of species
• C. habitat destruction makes a minor contribution to the current mass extinction of species
• D. it’s impossible for scientists to identify the causes of mass extinctions of species

Có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn rằng_

__.

• A. sự tuyệt chủng hàng loạt hiện nay khác với năm trường hợp khác ở chỗ nó do con người gây ra
• B. săn bắn là yếu tố chính góp phần làm tăng tốc độ tuyệt chủng của các loài
• C. sự hủy hoại môi trường sống chỉ là một phần nhỏ vào sự tuyệt chủng hàng loạt của loài hiện nay
• D. các nhà khoa học không thể xác định được nguyên nhân gây ra sự tuyệt chủng hàng loạt của các loài

Thông tin:

• - There have been five such extinctions, each provoked by cataclysmic evolutionary events caused by some geological eruption, climate shift, or space junk slamming into the Earth. Scientists now believe that another mass extinction of species is currently under way – and this time human fingerprints are on the trigger.

\=> chọn A

• - Hunting is no longer the major culprit, although rare birds and animals continue to be butchered for their skin, feathers, tusks, and internal organs, or taken as savage pets. => loại B
• - Today the main threat comes from the destruction of the habitat of wild plants, animals, and insects need to survive. => loại C
• - Scientists have identified two ways in which species disappear. => loại D

Tạm dịch:

• - Đã có năm cuộc tuyệt chủng như vậy, mỗi sự kiện bị gây ra bởi các sự kiện tiến hóa thảm khốc bởi một số vụ phun trào địa chất, biến đổi khí hậu hoặc rác vũ trụ rơi xuống Trái đất. Các nhà khoa học hiện tin rằng một cuộc tuyệt chủng hàng loạt khác đang tiếp diễn - và lần này thì có dính dáng đến bàn tay con người.
• - Việc săn bắn không còn là nguyên nhân chính nữa, mặc dù các loài chim và động vật quý hiếm tiếp tục bị đánh cắp để lấy da, lông, ngà và các cơ quan nội tạng, hoặc được coi như những con thú cưng hung dữ.
• - Ngày nay, mối đe dọa chủ yếu đến từ sự phá hủy môi trường sống của thực vật hoang dã, động vật và côn trùng cần để tồn tại.
• - Các nhà khoa học đã xác định được hai cách mà các loài vật biến mất.

Question 43: When we were in Canada, we play basketball almost every day.

A

B

C

D

Lỗi dùng thì: When we were in Canada [khi chúng tôi ở Canada-thì quá khứ] không thể dùng thì hiện tại cho vế còn lại [play]

Question 44: If Jane calls, ask for their number so I can call her back.

A B C D

Lỗi dùng đại từ nhân xưng. Jane [nữ- số ít]==> phải dùng tính từ sở hữu "her" thay vì "their"

Question 45: The selling manager is an absolutely unforgetful man with a nice smile and

A B

attractive white teeth always on his face.

D

C

Kiến thức: cặp từ dễ nhầm lẫn

Forgetful = often forgetting things [không có từ unforgetful]

Sửa: unforgetful : ==> unforgettable: không thể quên

Dịch: The selling manager is an obsolutely unforgetful man with a nice smile and attractive white teeth always on his face. [Người quản lý hàng là 1 người đàn ông không thể quên vì ông luôn có 1 nụ cưới đẹp và đầy hấp dẫn với hàm răng trắng trên khuôn mặt]

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 46: The last time she had a swim was five years ago.

• A. She had had a swim five years ago.
• B. She has had a swim for five years.
• C. She hasn’t had a swim for five years.
• D. she was having a swim five years ago.

Viết lại câu dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành

• - Lần cuối làm gì đó  Đã KHÔNG làm .. trong bao lâu/ kể từ ...
• Lần cuối cùng cô đi bơi là cách đây 5 năm.
• C. Cô ấy đã không bơi trong năm năm.

Question 47: "Don't cross the road there" she said to the children.

• A. She allowed the children not to cross the road there.
• B. She threatened the children not to cross the road there.
• C. She warned the children not to cross the road there.
• D. She advised the children to cross the road there.

Câu gián tiếp với động từ nối "Đừng băng qua đường ở đó" cô nói với bọn trẻ.

• A. allow: cho phép
• B. threaten: đe dọa
• C. warn: cảnh báo
• D. advise: khuyên

Question 48: You are not permitted to use your mobile phone during the test.

• A. You should use your mobile phones during the test.
• B. You may use your mobile phone during the test.
• C. You mustn’t your use mobile phones during the test.
• D. You needn’t your use mobile phones during the test.

Kiến thức: Động từ khuyết thiếu

Giải thích: You are not permitted: Bạn không được phép = musn’t: cấm, không được phép

• A. Bạn nên sử dụng điện thoại trong khi làm bài thi
• B. bạn có thể sử dụng điện thoại trong khi làm bài thi
• C. Bạn không được phép sử dụng điện thoại trong khi làm bài thi
• D. Bạn không cần sử dụng điện thoại trong khi làm bài thi

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 49: My laptop is broken. I need it for my online learning.

• A. If my laptop is not broken, I could use it for my online learning.
• B. In case my laptop was not broken, I could use it for my online learning.
• C. If only my laptop had not been broken, I could have used it for my online learning.
• D. I wish my laptop were not broken, I could use it for my online learning.

Câu chỉ điều ước Câu cho sẵn ở thì hiện tại  điều ước ở quá khứ đơn Máy tính xách tay của tôi bị hỏng. Tôi cần nó cho việc học trực tuyến của tôi.

• D.
  Tôi ước máy tính xách tay của tôi không bị hỏng, tôi có thể sử dụng nó cho việc học trực tuyến của mình.

Question 50. Peter arrived at the fashion show. He then realized that she had left the ticket at home.

• A. Not until Peter arrived at the fashion show did he realize that she had left the ticket at home.
• B. Having realized that he had left the ticket at home, Peter arrived at the fashion show
• C. Had Peter realized that he had left the ticket at home, he wouldn’t arrive at the fashion show.
• D. Only after Peter realized that she had left the ticket at home did he arrive at the fashion show.

Kiến thức: Đảo ngữ

Giải thích: Peter đến buổi biểu diễn thời trang. Sau đó anh ta nhận ra anh ta đã để tấm vé ở nhà. A. Mãi cho đến khi Peter đến buổi biểu diễn thời trang thì anh ta nhận ra anh ta đã để tấm vé ở nhà.